High Cost of Urban Sprawl

Urban sprawl is a complex concept, mainly known as low density beyond the boundaries of employment and service areas and depends on the development of cars. Since the end of World War II this kind of development is seen everywhere in the United States. Expansion of urban areas and the spread of suburbs are important factors such as environmental impact, loss of agricultural land, traffic problems, urban recession, taxpayers subsidies, community loss, residence, and some nonspecific problems, It caused great concern in various aspects.

The rapid growth of the city has resulted in pollution caused by urban expansion, strip development, disorganized development, high cost of urban infrastructure, and inappropriate handling of urban and industrial waste. All these problems are related to the land. Land can be used for agriculture, forestry, grazing, industrial and urban, public corridors, roads, waste disposal and recreation. As urban population increases, more and more green areas need to be converted to urban uses. On the other hand, big cities need to spread the land. The increase in population will put pressure on the land and will provide better accommodation and facilities for human needs. Industrial development will provide work to people, but at the same time it provides the developer the opportunity to clean the land for housing development. As houses evolve, other types of development will continue, such as commercial districts, retail districts, schools and so on.

In the long run, low density spreads make local governments more expensive than "pre-built" development. That is the growth of existing urban areas. To scale out, it is necessary to extend the new roads, water distribution pipes, sewers and other infrastructure to the lush areas (undeveloped lands outside the town). Many studies have shown that spreads are more expensive than filling city growth. According to a survey in 2015, the spread cost of the US will exceed 1 trillion dollars, land consumption per capita will increase by 80%, car use can increase by 60%. Providing water, sewers, roads and other services to remote communities is very expensive for local governments. With intelligent growth, the population density housing type will be cheaper, the land demand per household will be reduced, the cost of public services will be reduced and the transportation costs will be reduced