Hardy-weinburg Equilibrium

Hardy-Weinberg's theorem states that allele and genotype frequencies in population gene pools remain constant for generations unless factors other than gender rearrangements take action. For example, consider a group of 1,000 mouse members. Certain allelic albino alleles are recessive in this species. 80% of the population had a normal phenotype - brown coloration, the remaining 20% ​​was scleroderma. 640 members have AA genotype, 320 has Aa and 40 has aa.

1908: GH Hardy and Wilhelm Weinberg proposed a Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium model that describes the frequency of alleles in a population gene pool, and these allele pools are defined under certain conditions, unless specific interference effects are introduced It is used as steady state and algebraic equilibrium state in. . 1933: Studies of unused sea urchin eggs by Jean Brachet show that DNA exists in the nucleus whereas RNA exists only in the cytoplasm. At that time, "yeast nucleic acid" (RNA) was thought to exist only in plants, but "thymidine nucleic acid" (DNA) was present only in animals. The latter is thought to be a tetramer with the function of buffering the pH of the cell.

The Hardy-Weinberg equation is a mathematical equation that can be used to calculate the genetic variation of a population in equilibrium. 1908, H. Hardy and Wilhelm Weinberg independently describe the basic principles of population genetics and now name it the Hardy-Weinberg equation. This equation represents the principle known as Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, indicating that the amount of genetic variation within a population remains constant across generations without interference factors.

Hardy-Weinberg's equilibrium has violated at least one rule, so it has not happened in nature. Hardy Weinberg equilibrium is the ideal condition for scientists to provide a baseline for measuring the gene evolution of a particular population. The Hardy-Weinberg formula can be used for any population, and the population need not be in equilibrium. To solve the Hardy-Weinberg balance problem, we need two equations. ð'ð '+ ð'ðð'ž = 1ð'ð'²ð²ð'ð'ð''ðð + ð'ðð'žÂ² = 1ð is obvious Frequency of sexual alleles. Ð'žð'ž is the frequency of the recessive allele. Is the frequency of individuals with a homozygous dominant genotype. 2ð'ð'ð'žð'ž is the frequency of individuals with a heterozygous genotype. ð'ðð'žÂ² is the frequency of individuals with homozygous recessive genotype