Haemodialysis and the Dental Units of Acanthamoeba species in Alexandria, Egypt

Acanthamoeba belongs to the opportunistic ameba group of free life that can be isolated from various environments such as water, air and soil. They can be pathogenic or they can be as carriers of other pathogenic organisms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possibility of contamination of the hydraulic system by Acanthamoeba species in Alexandria's hemodialysis and dental treatment unit. The lack of previous research in this field has led us to do this preliminary study. 70 samples were collected aseptically and then cultured on non-nutrient agar at room temperature, followed by morphologic confirmation of Acanthamoeba on trichromatic stained smears.

Acanthamoeba species is a free living species that lives in soil and water. The cyst stage may be transmitted in the air. Individuals who used contact lenses reported corneal ulcers caused by Acanthamoeba, a serious threat to the eyes. It is inferred that the parasites are transmitted through the contaminated lens washing solution. Ameba of Negrelia genus in freshwater is the cause of almost all cases of primary amebic meningoencephalitis. Ameba is considered to be water splashing on the upper nasal cavity during swimming and diving. Based on laboratory studies of Acanthamoeba infection in cell culture and animals, predictions were made prior to the identification and reporting of such human infections

Egypt is divided into 27 states, including the two cities Alexandria (Alexandria) and Cairo (Cairo). There are nine southern Egypt states in the Nile Delta, Cairo to Aswan in the south, Sinai Mountains in the five border regions, deserts in the west and the east. It accounts for only about 5% of the total area of ​​Egypt, but the Nile and the Nile Delta are the most important areas, the only cultivated land in the country, supporting about 99% of the population. The Nile Valley ranges from Aswan to the outskirts of Cairo about 800 kilometers. The valley of the Nile is so cool that it is called Upper Egypt and the Nile Delta is called Lower Egypt. While a steep rocky cliff rises along some areas along the Nile bank, the rest of the area along the Nile River has a flat and agricultural production space.

The general characteristic of Alexandria is the cultural contradiction of the city - spreading along a part of the Egyptian-backed land facing the Mediterranean Sea. In most of its history, Alexandria is therefore an international town, and is much more than the wider Mediterranean world and its hinterland. However, the resurgence of the 19th century town has greatly changed the identity of the city. The export of agricultural products, the influx of native Egyptians to cities, and the marked increase in the formation and integration of the Egyptian state, the relationship between Alexandria and the Nile Valley became closer than before. As a result, it also became the center of the emerging Egyptian public consciousness.