Gramsci's Theory of Hegemony

Writers, politicians and philosophers Antonio Gramsci was imprisoned in 1926 by the Italian fascist state of Benito Mussolini. At the moment he was a secretary of the Communist Party of Italy, unfortunately he was imprisoned for nearly 10 years, but he wrote numerous pages to comment on the Marxist theory called prison notes. When he commented on Marx's theory, he created his own hegemony. Gramsci who lived in the early 20th century accepted the idea of ​​Karl Marx and created his hegemonic version This is a conscious response to Marxist's crisis at the end of the century and a wide range of issues of consciousness and society to the Italian revolution I brought it.

Contextualist views on movies, politics, and ideology also utilize Antonio Gramsci's hegemonic theory (1971), which uses culture, society, and politics as a platform for discussion between various groups and class groups. From this point of view, cultural criticism should indicate which competitions are taking place, which group is in which position, and that cultural analyst intervention determines more progressive aspects (Boggs 1984 and Kellner 1990). In the expansion of Gramsci, every kind of people tried to develop a more distinguished idea of ​​ideology. (Williams 1977; Hall 1987; see Kellner) 1978 and 1979)

Italian philosopher Antonio Gramsci developed the concept of cultural hegemony from the theory of Karl Marx that the mainstream ideology of society reflects the beliefs and interests of the ruling class. Gramsci believes that by disseminating social institutions such as schools, churches, courts and media, we will gain the consent of the dominant group by spreading ideology - beliefs, assumptions, values. The work of these institutions is to socialize people into norms, values, beliefs that govern the social group. Therefore, the group that controls these agencies controls the rest of society.

Hegemony is a term derived from Marxism and given by Marxist philosopher Antonio Gramsci. In Mussolini's Italy, Gramsci provided the theory to explain why the Italians did not oppose the regime. Through Marxism, Gramsci proposed a theory of hegemony, that is, the repressive regime maintains power with consent and mandatory tools. It agrees more importantly and is emphasized through actions and practices of daily life. The ruling class ensures hegemony in society through the cultural and political agreement of labor unions, political parties, schools, media, churches and other voluntary organizations. Mr. Gramsci talked about the process of controlling and manipulating society by creating "false consciousness", values ​​and options to follow.