Global Environmental Change: Understanding the Human Dimensions

(Browder, 1988; Moran, 1976, 1990). The development of new land and the relative absence of people contribute to broad development such as pasture management and intensive development.

Land tenure It was legitimate to give ownership to those who were harvested in Brazilian land for centuries. We will soon have ownership (Fearnside, 1989). Residents of public land can get 100 hectares of land by living and using it, but it is not enough as a meadow on 100 hectares of land. The rancher purchased a lot of failed farmers often and in 1974 the company received up to 66,000 hectares of land (Smith, 1982). Large individuals and company ranchers can establish their own aisles and claim to be far from the vast major highway. By the time the road was built, land was declared in most states of Amazon (Binswanger, 1989). The Brazilian Land Act encourages widespread possession and widespread use. For example, in the 1988 Constitution, it is stipulated that 'effective use' of land is excluded and can not be requested for land reform (Hecht, 1989b).

Speculative land ownership is an effective hedge against inflation and speculative investment in Brazil. Mahar said farm workers "can clean land equivalent to $ 9,000, clean up 14 hectares of forests, meadows and some crops for several years and sell" improvements "to new refiners" . This is four times the income earned by workers from normal farm work. For a large investor with a good relationship between the government and the court the biggest speculative gain is that the value of the land is greatly influenced by "institutional factors such as the validity of ownership, access to credit" Because (Hecht, 1989b: 229)

The Brazilian government provides rural credit to people possessing land ownership and proof of residence, the profitability of these people is low, in fact it is a negative interest rate. Credits are very attractive, and funds flow from the non-agricultural sector to a wide range of meadows (Binswanger, 1989). Small farms do not charge tax on land and large farms can already lower low tax rates by converting forests to meadows and crops (Binswanger, 1989), companies are 75% of Amazon-approved development costs, Can be deducted from the coalition. . Tax obligation (Browder, 1988). The company can also amortize local losses -

An international journal with peer review that issues high quality, theoretically and empirically strict articles that improve human and policy knowledge on global environmental changes. The journal interprets global environmental changes as a result of a process embodied on the spot, but it affects several spatial, temporal and socio-political scales. This journal is interested in articles containing important social scientific elements. These include articles addressing the impact of social driving force and environmental change, or social and policy processes addressing environmental change issues. Topics include, but are not limited to, drivers, results and management of biodiversity and ecosystem services, climate, coastal, food systems, land use and land cover, ocean, urban and water resource changes not.

Introduction This semester paper is located in specific areas of health and environmental issues, ie human factors of global change. Scientific interest in global environmental changes caused by human activities has increased in the past decade. However, most studies focus on the science of environmental change and pay little attention to how social responses of humans are related to global changes. - The impact of global warming on the Great Barrier Reef Introduction Coral reefs around the world are in danger. One of the reasons is global warming, which caused the coral to decline by raising the temperature of the seawater. This article will focus on the destruction of the Great Barrier Reef. Coral reefs Coral reefs are uplift formed by shallow seawater and are composed of calcium-containing exoskeletons accumulated by coral animals, some red algae and molluscs.