Gerard Hendrik Hofstede' Value Dimensions: Understanding China's Culture

The value dimension of BODY Hofstede (Hofstede) helps to understand the cultural aspects of China's Hofstede, in order to better understand Chinese culture and everyday social life in business. The scale of Hofstede includes the following. Power Distance, Individualism, Masculinity, Uncertainty Avoidance, Pragmatism, and Goal Orientation. First of all, the power distances in China are very large, with a score of 80 points. Unlike in the United States, people with power such as boss and wealthy people do not interact with people who are considered to be at the cutting edge of society.

Gerard Hendrik Hofstede (born in Haarlem on October 2, 1928) is an expert on cultural research in the Netherlands. Hofstede (1980) investigated 88,000 IBM employees working in 66 countries and then ranked them according to different cultural aspects. His research produced four dimensions (power distance, individualism and collectivism, avoidance of uncertainty, and manhood and femininity). Initially, China was not included in the survey, but Bond and Hofstedo later saw values ​​of China. From this study, they refer to the dimension of the fifth cultural value, long-term oriented and short-term oriented.

On October 3, 1928, Gerard Hendrik Hofstede was born. He is a student of domestic and organizational culture. He is a writer of many cultural books. Hofstede 's efforts started in 1980, which was a great success as his research introduced a low degree of internationalization among countries for an understanding of cultural differences. In his survey there are 116,000 questionnaires surveyed by 60,000 people in 50 countries. From his research he provides four dimensions (force distance, individualism / collectivism, uncertainty avoidance and masculinity / femininity). After a powerful study by Hofstede and Bond (Hofstede 1991b; Hofstede and Bond 1984), 5 dimensions (long / short term) were added. ; Hofstede and Bond 1988)

Hofstede (1980) emphasizes four cultural aspects: power distance, masculinity / femininity, individual / collectiveness, and uncertainty avoidance. In addition to the first four cultural aspects Hofstede (1990) proposed a fifth cultural aspect called Confucian work mechanics. Chinese Cultural Connections (1987) conducted a Chinese value survey (CVS) based on Chinese traditional cultural values ​​and recognized this non-Western cultural aspect. Three of these four elements are consistent with the cultural aspect related to the work of Hofstede (1984). There is only one factor, and Confucian labor mechanics has nothing to do with the cultural dimension of Hofstede (1984). Hofstede (1990) used this oriental cultural dimension as his fifth work-related cultural dimension of his book "Culture and Organization: Software for the Mind". Hofstede (2001) renamed this cultural aspect to long-term positioning (LTO).