Gene Expression Noise

One of the most prominent aspects of biology is cell biology diversity. Although this variability is primarily due to genetic and environmental factors, recent studies showed that organisms genetically identical in the same environment show heterogeneity in gene expression. This phenomenon, ie gene expression noise, is observed and measured in different species from prokaryotes and mammalian cells 1-4 I would like to know more about the origin of this heterogeneity and the potential functions it may have It is. result.

Expression of a number of genes has been demonstrated by various techniques including microarray, expressed cDNA sequence tag (EST) sequencing, gene expression series analysis (SAGE) tag sequencing, massively parallel signature sequencing (MPSS), RNA- Of the sample. Seq also known as "complete transcriptome shotgun sequencing" (WTSS), or various applications of multiple in situ hybridizations. A major area of ​​computational biology involves developing statistical tools to separate signals from noise in high-throughput gene expression studies. Microarray data from cancer epithelial cells can be compared to data from non-cancer cells to identify up-regulated and down-regulated transcripts in a particular cancer cell population.

Gene expression is the process by which genetic instructions are used to produce gene products such as proteins. Our gene has a protein blueprint. Once a particular gene is expressed, the protein will be produced in the cell in which it is expressed. The difference between different types of cells is due to the different expressed proteins. To test gene expression, the Cambridge University team collected blood and tissue samples from 16,000 people in the northern hemisphere and the southern hemisphere. Several factors were measured, including the type and amount of cells in the blood, and the protein composition of the cells in blood and tissues. In various countries such as Gambia and the UK, several cells and proteins show consistent seasonal variation in different populations.