Gastrointestinal Bleeding

Pediatricians should be familiar with diseases of gastrointestinal bleeding in patients of different ages

Pediatricians should understand new techniques for identification and treatment of gastrointestinal bleeding sources

Pediatricians should be familiar with polyps with or without risk of malignant transformation.

Pediatricians should be familiar with the medications used to treat children with gastrointestinal bleeding.

Explain new techniques and their limitations for bleeding identification including small intestine capsule endoscopy and small intestine endoscopy

Common and unusual causes of gastrointestinal bleeding in children of different ages

After fainting at home, an 11 - year - old boy was seen in the emergency room. He has a history of two days headache and dizziness. Stomach pains over the last 2 days. His pulse is 150 times per minute and his blood pressure is 90/50 mm Hg. Intravenous bolus injection of saline; his hemoglobin level is 1 g / dl (81 g / liter). He passed the black stool. He was admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit and prescribed intravenous esomeprazole. He receives input red blood cells and raises the hemoglobin level to 5 g / dl (85 g / l). Esophageal gastroduodenoscopy (EGD) shows nodularity in the vestibule and large ulcers of active bleeding vessels in the duodenum. The ulcer was coagulated with an argon plasma coagulation (APC) laser.

Gastrointestinal bleeding: Gastrointestinal bleeding is a disease caused by excessive scarring of liver tissue. A varicose vein is a fragile vein and it tends to rupture and bleed when blood pressure rises. In case of hepatic decompensation, regulation of blood pressure is affected and often causes gastrointestinal bleeding. This may be fatal.

As its name suggests, blurred lower gastrointestinal bleeding is defined as recurrent or persistent bleeding in the lower gastrointestinal tract with a negative evaluation of low endoscopy. This is about 5% of gastrointestinal bleeding. Blurred gastrointestinal bleeding may also occur due to lack of iron and anemia, or due to positive FOBT or fecal occult blood tests. However, in fact, upper gastrointestinal bleeding and colonic bleeding from the right side can occur even on the right red blood cell through the rectum with massive and brittle bleeding. It depends also on the change in etiology. In addition, young patients with this bleeding problem may develop symptoms such as fever, abdominal cramps, blood in the stool, dehydration. However, older patients can experience painless bleeding and some minimal symptoms

Gastrointestinal bleeding does not necessarily mean that you are suffering from a disease. It is usually symptomatic of digestive problems. The cause of bleeding may not be so serious, it may be a treatment or control such as acne. But finding the cause of bleeding is very important. The digestive tract contains many important organs such as esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine or colon, rectum, anus. Bleeding can result from one or more of these areas of small ulcers in the stomach, or from a large surface of inflammation of the colon. Some people do not even know that they are bleeding. When this happens, it is called hidden or potential bleeding. Easy examination to detect hidden blood in feces