Garret Hardin's Tragedy of the Commons and Plato and Marx Philosophy of Communal Property

Garrett Harding developed the concept of the House tragedy. The basic concept is a large meadow where everyone has land and can keep as many animals as possible to maintain that land. Due to the deaths of livestock and relatively stable population, the land should survive for a long time. But at some point the population starts to increase, and the nomads also hope to maximize the profit by adding more cattle.

Harding's "Tragedy of the Commons" (1968) explains common property resources such as land shared by nomads, and ultimately how they were misused and destroyed. According to Harding 's paper, the nomadic land use strategy has been criticized for instability and environmental deterioration. Nomads in the Sahel region of Africa are responsible for exhaustion of resources. Resource depletion is actually caused by previous confusion and punitive climatic conditions. Harding's paper proposes a solution to this problem, provides a consistent foundation for land privatization, and promotes the movement of land from tribal people to the country or individual. The privatization plan affects the social life of nomads and weakens the environment.

One of the biologist's most influential papers is Garrett Hardin 's 1968 article, he writes the "tragedy of commons" and introduces the concept of property rights to avoid it. An example of the tragedy he gave was a common land where each pastor who had the right to use it grazed too much. Commons' self-interest does not necessarily correspond to the interests of all citizens. Since then the explicit property rights applied to the commons have been repeatedly studied and proved that each owner creates incentives to become resource managers.

These issues have been recognized for a long time. The concept of the commons tragedy of Harding (1968) is spreading the challenges brought by non-repudiation and common property. "Community" is the environmental assets themselves, "co-property resources" or "common resource resources" means plans for specific collective agencies to exclude others, thereby creating a flow of future interest It is possible to capture the property rights system. "It means that there is no ownership as not owned by anyone