Freedom of Speech and Expression

On 15th December 1791, Congress passed freedom of speech as a constitutional right under Article 1 of the amendment to the US Constitution as a law protecting all Americans. According to the law, "Congress enacts any law, respects religious beliefs, prohibits free exercise, deprives freedom of speech or press, deprives the right of peaceful gatherings, and dissatisfaction Do not plead with the government to correct it. "

Article 19 (1) (a) of the Constitution of India stipulates that all citizens have the right to freedom of speech and expression. Freedom of speech and freedom of expression means the right to express your beliefs and opinions freely through oral, written, printed, photographed and other models. Therefore, it includes expressing human ideas such as gestures, signatures, etc. through communicable media or visible expressions. Since this expression also means publications, freedom of the press is included in this category. Spreading ideas freely is a necessary goal and it can be done on the platform or through the press. The spread of this idea is guaranteed by freedom of circulation. Freedom of distribution is indispensable for freedom as freedom of press. Actually, if it is not issued, publications will have little value. Freedom of speech and freedom of expression include freedom to spread only one person's point of view.

Explanation of Scope of Expression and Freedom of Expression The Supreme Court stated that the term "freedom of expression and expression" must be broadly composed, including oral or written or freedom to spread people's views through audiovisual tools It is. Therefore, it includes the right to convey the viewpoint of a person through print media or other communication channel. Therefore, all citizens of the country have the right to promote him or his views through printed and / or electronic media subject to the permissible restrictions set forth in Article 19, Paragraph 2 of the Constitution I will.

The right to freedom of expression and freedom of expression is closely related to other rights and may be limited in conflict with other rights (see Restrictions on Freedom of Expression). Because the right to freedom of expression is related to the right of fair trial and the rights of the court, access to information is restricted, and opportunities and methods for freedom of expression to be reflected in the proceedings can be determined There is sex. As a general principle, freedom of speech does not limit privacy rights and the honor and reputation of others. But as it becomes criticism of the public, it gives more freedom.