First and Second Language Acquisition

Learning the first language and the second language is in our daily life, and we do not usually take into account the origin of our communication skills. People do not think about how everyone has it, rather they can learn languages ​​to accomplish perfect fluency without conscious effort - the scientific community can do this at all I think it is one of the things that can not be explained. . Other such mysteries include the ability of our bodies to inhale blood inadvertently to inhale oxygen and the ability of the new mother to raise body temperature unconsciously when the baby is born I will. breast

Researchers scored language learning in two categories, first language acquisition and second language acquisition. Learning the first language is a universal process regardless of your mother tongue. The baby listens to the sounds around them, begins to mimic them, and eventually starts to produce words. Second language learns the knowledge of the first language hypothesis and includes processes that individuals experience when learning new language elements such as vocabulary, speech components, grammatical structure, writing system.

The important difference between first language acquisition and second language acquisition is that the process of second language acquisition is influenced by the language already learned by the learner. This effect is called language transfer. Language transition is a complex phenomenon due to the previous linguistic knowledge of the learner, the interaction between the target language input they encounter and their cognitive process. Language transfer can occur not only from the learner's mother tongue but also from the second language or the third language. Also, language transfers may occur in grammar, pronunciation, vocabulary, discourse, and reading, not limited to a specific language domain.

The main character of local language acquisition situation aims to explain first language acquisition more than second language acquisition. Many researchers at the camp doubted that UG (Universal Grammar) could be used for second language acquisition. Among them, UG believes that UG can only be used for second language acquisition until the critical age (before puberty), then the brain's plasticity will end UG's beneficial surgery. Also, do not forget that second language acquisition (SLA) is different from foreign language learning. The SLA is implemented in the target locale, providing a large amount of language input to the learner if the context is meaningful. In contrast, foreign language learning is conducted under extreme time constraints in the context of the first language culture and provides relatively poor environmental conditions for language acquisition.