Fertilizing the Flowers with Anger

California's tulip - it is not cold in winter. But among us, flowers, gardens, the earth, and real enthusiasts of growth still have a fascination. Most women, like my mother, know that tulips will not bloom unless they have a cold for 6 weeks, but they still exist. My mother simulated growth conditions: she placed a tulip bulb in a special drawer in the refrigerator. The drawer is empty, but it is used for tulip bulbs, closed and aged for 6 weeks. In the past six weeks my father was severely punished to put the softened apples in the refrigerator and not to decay in the kitchen counter.

More than a century ago, the history of bioinformatics began with an Austrian priest named Gregor Mendel. He is known as the "father of heredity". He mates with different colors of the same flower. He carefully recorded the color of the flowers he passed and the color of the flowers they produced. Mendel suggests that feature inheritance can be explained more easily if the inheritance of features is controlled by factors passed down from generation to generation. Preservation of bioinformatics and genetic records has gone through a long way since Mendel. Over the past 30 years, understanding of genetics has made remarkable progress. In 1972, Paul berg prepared the first recombinant DNA molecule using ligase. In the same year, Stanley Cohen, Annie Chang, and Herbert Boyer produced the first recombinant DNA organisms. In 1973, two important things happened in the field of genomics.

Some flowers with stamens and pistil can self fertilize, which increases the possibility of seed production, but limits genetic variation. Extreme self-fertilization occurs in flowers that are always self-fertilizing, like many dandelions. Some flowers are self pollinated and the flowers used are never self-pollinating before flowering or flowering. Many viola species and some wise men have these types of flowers. In contrast, many plant species have methods to prevent self-fertilization. Male and female unisex males and female flowers on the same plant may not appear or mature at the same time or pollen from the same plant may not be able to fertilize those ovules. The latter type of flower, its own pollen has a chemical barrier known as self sterilization or self-incompatibility