Fatigue and The Central Nervous System

Fatigue is defined as inability to maintain output or intensity during repeated muscle contraction (Powers, 2012). The focus of this article is to determine the most common types of fatigue and the effects of physical activity on body fatigue. There are two main types of fatigue. It is central and peripheral. However, these two types consist of various factors that cause fatigue. The cause of fatigue varies, but the cause of fatigue usually depends on the type of physical activity involved (Powers, 2012).

Muscle fatigue may occur when muscle groups are used for a long time or repeated use. The mechanism of fatigue is multifactorial and not fully understood but it includes the central nervous system, peripheral nervous system, muscle unit and individual muscle fibers. At the muscle cell level, depletion of energy storage capacity can be an important factor (Enoka and Duchateau, 2008). Fatigue is a very complex concept that includes psychology and many physiological factors (Astrand and Rodahl, 2003). Therefore, fatigue should not be treated as a single entity or process. Rather, it is a very complex phenomenon involving many different components and acting on multiple parts of the central nervous system and muscle cells (McKenna and Hargreaves, 2008).

Influence of upper limb fatigue on grip and pass accuracy of young basketball players

Structurally, there are two elements, the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. According to the National Institute of Health, the central nervous system consists of the brain, spinal cord, and nerve. The peripheral nervous system consists of sensory neurons, ganglia (neuron clusters) and nerves connected to each other and the central nervous system. Functionally, the nervous system has two main subdivisions: somatic cells or spontaneous components and autonomous or involuntary components. According to Merck's manual, the autonomic nervous system can adjust certain physical processes such as blood pressure and respiratory rate without conscious effort. The somatic cell line consists of nerves that connect the brain and spinal cord to muscle and skin sensory receptors.