Factory Labor and the Domestic Sphere in the Lowell Offering

In 1822, a group of businessmen and businessmen in Boston began a campaign to turn riverbanks under the waterfalls 30 feet high of the Merrimack river into "domestic largest textile manufacturing company". These capitalists excavated and refined the Merrimack canal, built a machinery factory, and built a house for factory managers, foremen, and operators. Lowell, Massachusetts, and other New England cotton factories began to adopt the first female workforce in the United States.

In the 1830s, members of the Lowell Female Factory founded the Lowell Factory Women's Association to organize strikes during wage cuts and established the Lowell Women Labor Reform Association to protest on the 12-hour work day thereafter. Although strikes rarely succeeded, workers were often forced to accept an increase in low wages and working hours, but labor stops represented a form of labor protest that represents the beginning of the American labor movement. In 1827, a "labor union federation" was formed to represent the joint process of Philadelphia, with the primary aim of shortening the 12 hour working hours. In 1827, the carpenters representing the labor union led a 10 hour working day strike. Union members campaigned for many candidates in regional offices as well as for partnerships with other organizations that support educational reforms and economic regulations that will benefit Philadelphia workers.

Labor - initially it was difficult for factory owners to find workers in the factory. The factory life can not compete with the temptation of cheap Western lands. In order to cope with this difficulty, the textile factory in Lowell, Massachusetts, recruited young farm women and put them in company dormitories. In the 1830's, other factories launched the Lowell system. Child labor is also widely used in many factories (only a 7 - year - old child leaves home to work in a new factory). By the middle of the century, northern manufacturers have hired numerous immigrants.

Boston's capitalist group established a major textile manufacturing center in Lowell, Massachusetts in the second quarter of the 19th century. The first factory recruited women from New England countryside as a labor force. These young women who are away from home live in a row of dormitories next to more and more factories. Industrial production of textiles is highly profitable, the number of factories in Lowell and other factories and towns is increasing. More ironworks led to overproduction, resulting in lower prices and profits. The factory owner lowered salary and raised the speed of work. Harriet Hanson Robinson is one of the factory staff, when he was 10 years old, he began working at Lowell and became a supporter of female writers after that. In 1898, she talked about strikes in 1836, announced Loom and Spindle, a memoir of her experience at Loell.