Experimental Research: Magnets and Temperature

Introduction Magnets are everywhere. They are in phones, computers, stereos, vacuum cleaners, refrigerators, washing machines, cars, compasses, televisions, video decks, doorbells and many other places. The earth itself is also a magnet. The Greeks found minerals that gathered items made of iron over 2,000 years ago. Because this mineral was found in a part of Turkey known as magnesia, they called magnetite. Magnet is any material that attracts iron or iron. All magnets have two poles exerting each other, and are surrounded by a magnetic field.

The method reported in this study is to find the effect of temperature on the electrical, magnetic and electromagnet strength. We use magnets, electromagnets and electricity in our daily lives. Every time these things deal with the temperature. In our experiments, we found that the material properties (magnets, electromagnets, electricity) increase and decrease as the temperature rises or falls. Or, their attribute values ​​may be constant. To find this, we used powerful magnets made with neodymium, electricity, and powerful electromagnets. It is also used to cool magnet cooling devices and heating parts. Please use the wire with the known resistance value. After the experiment, the performance of all these materials changed greatly.

In order to understand the temperature effect, it is necessary to investigate the atomic structure of the elements making up the magnet. Temperature influences the magnetic force by increasing / decreasing the attraction force of the magnet. As the particles in the magnet move faster and at a more scattered rate, the magnetic field of the heated magnet decreases. This confusion causes the magnetic domains to be disordered and causes misalignment, and as a result the magnetic properties are degraded. Conversely, when the same magnet is exposed to low temperature, its magnetic properties are improved and strength is improved.

Like a strong external magnetic field, the temperature can cause the magnetic domain of the magnet to lose its direction. When the permanent magnet is heated, the atoms in the magnet vibrate. The more the magnet is heated, the greater the atomic vibration becomes. At some point, the atomic oscillation changes from an ordered pattern aligning domains to a disordered pattern that is not aligned. The temperature at which overheating vibrates atoms to rearrange the magnet regions is called the "Curie point" or "Curie temperature".