Evolutionary Dynamic of Parasites Associated with Social Insect Colonies

Sociality is always one of the most common strategies and special lifestyles. When millions of people collaborate for the benefit of the entire group, social insects, especially those living in the environment of large nests, have evolved complex interaction systems. However, large insect groups face public health concerns as well as large human societies. For example, food storage and restrictions, waste management, disease transmission and so on. Infections of diseases are hardly noticed in large insects.

To understand the appearance, let's consider the number of insects. Insects are unique individuals with metabolic and reproductive processes. However, the colony is the only existence. Ali colonies can swallow falling cookies, bee colonies can build huge hives, and termite colonies can build a wonderful cathedral. It is not entirely larger than the sum of the part, but the whole is different from the part. A single cell that functions according to strict biochemical rules is quite different from the complex and organized organisms produced. A single change to a single cell does not affect larger organisms, but a similar single change in many individual cells affects. In this way, collective attributes are not interfered by individual outliers but are interfered by changes in actual information.

Because most individuals in each group are sterile, social insects are important. This seems to be contrary to the basic concept of evolution such as natural selection and selfish governing body. Indeed, there are very few social insect species, only 15 of the 2,600 households of insect families contain social species, and arthropods seem to have evolved sociality by 12 times independently. A few families However, for example, ants and termites make up only about 2% of known insect species, but they account for over 50% of the total insects. Their ability to dominate the territory seems like the basis of their success.

Parasitic Ali species enter the colony of host ants and are defined as social parasites; species like Strumigenys xenos are completely parasitic without workers, but rely on food collected by Strumigenys perplexa host . Parasitic diseases of this form are found in many ali species, but parasitic ants are species that are usually closely related to the host. Various methods are used to enter the nest of the host ant. The parasitic queen enters the host's nest before the first hatching and can establish itself before the colony smells. Other species use pheromones to confuse host ants and carry parasites to their nests. Some people just enter the nest