Essays on Deception and Lying Aversion

This paper consists of three experimental papers on fraud and disgust. Chapter 2 "Does a lie infringe trust?" Study the interaction of honesty, trust, and reliability. Specifically, this section examines the effects of lying and telling the truth about behavior in subsequent trust games for various players in the deceptive game of Gneezy (2005). Therapeutic effect is broken down between low-yield, lie specific experiences in emotional change and fraud game. The specific experience of being deceived can seriously erode the use of communication to promote trust, reliability, and trust. However, the impact of experience on reliability will only occur for subjects who suffer from burns

Chapter 3, "Pure liar hatred" explains several factors that influence the tendency to tell the truth when there is no direct negative influence on a lie. The use of simple experiments to test the influence of the strength of information used for communication, and economic incentives for lies are diverse. The influence of the later credibility of the person in the previous interaction was also studied in another experiment. Regardless of the motive for lying, the power of information has a great influence on credibility, the magnitude of the economic benefit of lying has a nonmonotonic effect on authenticity. Furthermore, the influence of knowledge about whether a person has been deceived can interact with payment results received in previous interactions, in some cases reduce reliability, and in other circumstances can increase reliability It was.

Chapter 4 "Lies by others" discusses the influence of the relationship of ubiquitous agencies in economic interactions on the willingness to lie to an individual's financial benefit. If a lie (or truth) is sent by an agent rather than sent directly by an individual, personal dislikes tend to refuse? In the three experiments controlling the influence of participant's preference on the possibility of return and action, the fee was reduced - it was not excluded - it turned out to be disgusting.

The hatred of liars has been observed through transponders' games. Compared to men, women show disgust with the interests of small currencies in these games. We tested the robustness of this gender in a sender and receiver game with bigger bets. There was no difference in lie by gender. ► It is obsessed with lying in many transceiver games. ► Determine the sex of the possibility of lying on a small bet. ► There was no difference in the odds for bigger betting. ► This difference seems to be due to the country's own or cultural inherent influence interacting with the sex of the subject.

The central problem of philosophical debate about liars and other fraud (interpersonal fraud) can be divided into two categories. The first type of problem is to define problem or conceptual problem. They include how to define lies, how to define fraud, and whether lies are always a form of fraud. The second type of problem is normative - more specifically ethical. These include whether lies and deception are unethical or unethical errors, whether lies are morally worse than fraud, and in some cases lies and fraud are morally wrong I will. Optional, or sometimes morally essential. In this entry we will only consider the problem of the first type.

To deny Carson lying is a form of fraud attempt that causes the obvious problem of telling a lie. He believes (to lie in infringement of trust) (3 pages) believes that lying is different from intentional fraud. However, Carson does not believe that there is a moral assumption for lying. He argues that there is a reasonable assumption that he can prevent harmful lies. When it is wrong, for the same reason it is wrong to try to deceive, when it is wrong, that is it is harmful. As he stated, "There are strong moral assumptions about lies and fraud when they do harm" (p. 2), and "When we are deceived, we will (usually) act We can not effectively pursue our purpose and interests based on erroneous beliefs "(p. 5)