Effects of air pollution on human health and practical measures for prevention in Iran

Air pollution is defined as the devastating effect of all sources that cause air pollution and degradation of ecosystems. Air pollution is caused by human intervention and natural phenomena. It consists of various pollutants including solid, liquid and gaseous substances. [18] In this article, we do not specifically consider indoor air pollution.

The Pollutant Standard Index (PSI) is a number and indicator of pollutants and is generally used to facilitate risk assessment. It is a value between 0 and 500. [19] PSI was a guide for reporting air quality, first introduced by Thom and Ott in 1974. [20] Therefore, it will provide a way to compare the relative contribution of each pollutant to the total risk. [21] The PSI calculation is based on five major atmospheric pollutants in the atmosphere including particulate matter (PM), sulfur dioxide (SO), nitrogen dioxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O) Based on the concentration.

Johnson et al. , Air Quality Index (AQI) is defined as a measure of the air condition associated with one or more species or all human needs. "[22] AQI is divided into ranges, each range is color-coded. It provides a very dangerous level of numbers from 0 to over 300 health standard levels to indicate the level of health risk associated with air quality. Based on PSI, air quality is divided into six main indicators. They are marked with color codes, and each color corresponds to a different level of health problems. In principle, green is defined as a healthy air quality color indicator, yellow, orange, red, purple, and shrimp represent moderate, unhealthy confidential groups, unhealthy, very unhealthy and dangerous air quality . These ranges and codes vary depending on the different categorization methods in different countries. [twenty two]

The impact of air pollution on human health is more than most people are aware of. In all major pollutants (greenhouse gases, ozone, industrial by-products, etc.) particulate matter is the most harmful to human beings. Because it does not cause direct symptoms it is difficult to accurately measure the health effects due to air pollution. On the contrary, air pollution is a quiet killer shrinking its lifespan slowly in decades. Recent data supported this claim and in areas with high levels of mist particles in the developing area, Mr. Sauer said "every 5 to 10 people will die from air pollution for some reason every year" Stated. The obvious solution is to eliminate local sources of particulate matter, but as with air pollution, the problem is more complicated than this. Sometimes the way to reduce particulate matter can lead to pollutants that may otherwise adversely affect the climate of the earth and human health in other ways.

Urban outdoor air pollution industry, cars and trucks emit complex mixtures of air pollutants, many of which are harmful to health. Of these contaminants, microparticles have the greatest influence on human health. The finest particulate matter is derived from the combustion of fuel from both mobile sources such as automobiles and stationary sources such as power plants (20). Indoor smog from solid fuel More than half of the world's population is still using wood, fertilizer, coal or agricultural residues to cook with a simple stove or naked fire. Particularly when ventilation is limited, the use of solid fuel can be exposed to the smoke in the room, especially for women and children, leading to health risks associated with it.