Effect of monomer modification on the physico-chemical properties, degradation and in vitro biocompatibility of polyester bioelastomers

Careful selection of monomers for biomaterial synthesis is essential for determining and controlling the function and biocompatibility of the biomaterial to be produced. Synthetic polyester elastomers based on human metabolism of endogenous molecules have been designed [1]. In previous work, citric acid-based elastomeric polyesters, especially polyoctanediol citrate (POC) [2], poly (benzylidene maleate) [3], poly (3) xylitol-co-citrate) [4] And poly (mannitol citrate-dicarboxylate) [5].

A commonly used synthetic material is PLA-polylactic acid. This is a polyester that decomposes in the human body to form lactic acid. Lactic acid is a natural chemical that is easily removed from the body. Similar materials are polyglycolic acid (PGA) and polycaprolactone (PCL): their decomposition mechanism is similar to that of PLA, but they show faster and slower degradation rates than PLA, respectively. Although these materials have good mechanical strength and structural integrity, they are hydrophobic. This hydrophobicity inhibits their biocompatibility, which makes them less effective when used as a tissue scaffold in vivo. Many studies have been conducted to combine these hydrophobic materials with hydrophilic and more biocompatible hydrogels to address the lack of biocompatibility. Although these hydrogels have excellent biocompatibility, they lack the structural integrity of PLA, PCL and PGA.

Despite the various materials and designs currently available for stents, there is still a need for a single material having the desired mechanical properties while achieving optimal biocompatibility. Biocompatibility refers to the reaction that occurs when a substance is inserted into the body and ideally this reaction should be beneficial and should cause harmful reactions such as attack by the immune system against foreign substances There is none. Surface modification techniques often seek to maintain favorable overall properties while changing the surface to meet specific needs in order to enhance biocompatibility. Since shape memory is not a surface property, surface modification should enhance biocompatibility without disturbing shape memory.

Review of surface modification technology for next generation shape memory polymer scaffolds Tina Govindarajan and Robin Shandas *

Surface coatings and films are a further means for altering the surface of metals and polymers to enhance biocompatibility. These techniques usually do not involve direct attachment of chemical groups or chemical changes in the surface, as with conventional chemical modification techniques, but nevertheless change the surface to improve biocompatibility. Coatings and thin film techniques have been discussed that have been shown to increase endothelial cell adhesion or reduce blood coagulation and thrombosis.

Review of surface modification technology for next generation shape memory polymer scaffolds Tina Govindarajan and Robin Shandas *