eClinpath

Hemostasis is a complex physiological process involving cells (platelets, in particular fibroblasts) and soluble (coagulation factors and inhibitors) and insoluble proteins (extracellular matrix proteins). Hemostatic systems are usually activated when blood vessels are injured, which prevents endothelial cell exposure to thrombotic (or procoagulant) substances in the extravascular space. Once activated, the hemostasis system is used to seal lesions by platelet embolization and fibrin clot formation. This gives injured endothelium time of healing. Once healed, thrombus must dissolve (fibrinoly) to restore blood flow

The hemostasis system is actually a delicate balance of coagulation accelerator and anticoagulant, it can be thought that the pendulum oscillates between these forces. Upon vascular injury, the procoagulant power dominates and results in fibrin / platelet clots that seal the damaged vessels. When the endothelium heals, the pendulum shakes. Because it is suitable for anticoagulation and fibrinolytic force, clot dissolves and blood vessel patency is restored.

The balance of this subtle change may lead to hemostasis, which may manifest as bleeding or thrombosis. Most animals with hemostatic disorders exhibit clinical symptoms of excessive bleeding. In contrast, thrombosis is more difficult to detect clinically or by laboratory tests, especially when it occurs in the internal microvasculature. If clinical signs of hemostasis disorder (bleeding or thrombosis) are seen in any animal, it is necessary to conduct comprehensive diagnostic assessment including thorough medical examination and detailed medical history. Significant clues to the underlying cause of hemostasis disorder are signal (age, breed, sex), medical history (eg procurement of toxin or drug, evidence of multiple bleeding events) and clinical signs (eg bleeding The type and place of the).

Physiology: Information on the mechanism of hemostasis, primary hemostasis, secondary hemostasis, fibrinolysis, and inhibitor distinction

Sample collection: Vital !! In order not to ruin the results of the hemostasis test, these results are mainly affected by the pre-analysis (sample collection and storage) variables

Primary hemostasis: platelet count and function, buccal mucosal bleeding time (BMBT), von Willebrand factor (vWf)

Outline of the mechanism for explaining the results of thrombocytopenia and coagulation screening test