DNA and Crime Investigation

DNA is a deoxyribonucleic acid and can be found in almost all organisms. DNA can be used as a code to create and maintain new cells in vivo. In humans, it is found in almost all cells. Most of our DNA is nuclear DNA found in the nucleus, but most of our DNA is not found in mitochondrial DNA as mitochondria. Mitochondrial DNA is usually not used to resolve crime, so it is ignored in this article.

Family DNA searches (sometimes referred to as "family DNA" or "family DNA database searches") create new research clues where DNA evidence found at crime scenes (forensic data) is very similar to existing evidence It is a practice to do. The DNA profile (introduction of the criminal) in the status DNA database did not match. After all other clues are exhausted, the researchers compare the forensic data with all the data obtained from the state DNA database, using specially developed software, already existing in the database and very close relatives You can create a criminal who is likely to be. List private forensic DNA in forensic medicine Criminal experimental technicians perform Y - STR analysis to eliminate most of this list when DNA is male. Then authorities can build genealogies using standard research techniques

DNA fingerprinting was one of the major discoveries in the late 20th century and revolutionized the forensic survey. This review summarizes the 30-year advancement of forensic DNA analysis that helps criminals criminals, forgives wrong defendants, and identifies victims of crime, disaster, and war. Current standard methods based on short tandem repeats (STR) and lineage markers (Y chromosome, mitochondrial DNA) are covered and their applications are explained by case examples. I explained the advantages and risks of extending the forensic DNA database and asked about the future direction of the forensic DNA fingerprinting method.

NOTE 1. CODIS uses two indicators - a forensic indicator and a criminal indicator - to generate a criminal investigation clue to collect biological evidence from the crime scene. The forensic index contains the DNA map of crime scene evidence and the criminal index contains DNA maps of individuals who are judged to be eligible for crime. About the National Institute of Justice NIJ is a research and development and evaluation organization of the US Department of Justice and specializes in crime prevention and justice problems. NIJ provides objective, independent, non-partisan, evidence-based knowledge and tools to address crime and judicial problems, particularly at the state and local levels. The primary authority of NIJ comes from the comprehensive crime prevention and safety street law of 1968 (after amendment) (42U.SC.§§ 3721 - 3722).