Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries. 2nd edition.

Coronary artery disease (CAD), ischemic stroke, diabetes and certain cancers have only recently become widespread in high-income countries and are now becoming a major cause of global morbidity and mortality (WHO 2002). In addition, the proportion of cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD) during immigration from low-risk countries to high-risk countries almost always dramatically increases. For example, in traditional African society, there are few CADs, but the proportion of African Americans is the same as that of Caucasian Americans. Significant changes in these diseases over time and in the population of migrants suggest that the main determinants of these diseases are not genetic but environmental factors including diet and lifestyle. Therefore, a considerable number of studies are aimed at determining the determinants of chronic diseases

Prospective epidemiological studies, several randomized prevention trials, and many short-term studies of intermediate endpoints such as blood pressure and blood lipids reveal determinants of the specific diet and lifestyle determinants of major chronic diseases I am doing it. The majority of these studies were done in Western countries because of the historical importance of these diseases in Western countries and the fact that they have the most developed research infrastructure. The general conclusion is that decreasing risk factors for established and changeable diet and lifestyle can prevent cases of most CAD, stroke, diabetes and many cancers in high-income groups (Willett 2002). These findings are extremely important as they indicate that these diseases are not an inevitable consequence of modern society. Furthermore, the incidence of these diseases is low without medical supplies and expensive medical facilities, and the incidence of these diseases is low in developing countries with few medical facilities, so this result is not surprising. However, prevention of these diseases requires changes in behavior related to smoking, physical activity, and diet. In order to support and promote these changes, education, food policy, urban physical infrastructure Investment is required (see Box 44.1).

The priority of future international cooperation and cooperation is the organization and adjustment of major infectious diseases that are not affected by the border (burdock, foot and mouth disease, African horse disease, African swine fever, Newcastle disease, rabies etc.). You should pay more attention to diseases transmitted by carriers. Protecting individual countries by importing animals and their products, subregions and areas from the occurrence of foreign animal diseases is still a concern for all countries. In this regard, international standards regulating the export and import of veterinarians should be respected as minimum requirements.

Increased burden of non-communicable diseases should be managed by developed and developing countries as global health priorities. International organizations that country, region, and individual contribute can make these programs successful. Risk factors such as smoking, alcoholism, obesity, diet and activity stoppage, sexual and environmental factors are necessary and careful examination and treatment are necessary. Poverty and high cost to prevent and treat chronic diseases are burdensome to many countries, and international solidarity and public-private partnership are necessary. Coordination among health policy makers, NGOs, research institutes, community groups and individuals is necessary to control the incidence of disease, prevent the spread of epidemics, and regulate the health care of human and material resources It is a condition (Boutayeb, 2005). WHO is a political supporter to adjust global response

Public health plays an important role in disease prevention in developing countries and developed countries through regional health systems and NGOs. The World Health Organization (WHO) is an international organization that coordinates and acts on global public health issues. Most countries have their own government public health agencies, sometimes called the Ministry of Health, to deal with domestic health problems. For example, in the United States, the first lines of public health initiatives are state and local health departments. The US Public Health Service Center (PHS), led by US surgeons, and Atlanta - based disease management and prevention center, participate in numerous international health activities in addition to domestic responsibilities.