Detecting Dark Matter

Evidence from the depth of the universe precluded many models of possible mysterious dark matter, but one candidate so far was the lightest super-symmetric particle known as "neutral particle" (LSP )is. If there is a new range of particle neutral proteins proposed by supersymmetric theory, it can be stable, heavy, neutral and will not electromagnetically interact. This makes it a perfect candidate for substances that can not be found in the universe.

In the presence of supersymmetric particles, they may collide within a large hasron collider. Heavy particles will collapse into a combination of leptons (electrons, muons, etc.) and quarks (which will be particle jet called jet) and neutral particles that do not decay any more. Therefore, many neutral substances pass energy through the CMS detector without leaving traces of energy.

So how do you detect "invisible" particles? The CMS can indirectly find neutral proteins - by identifying when the energy used to make it is lost

One of the most fundamental laws of physics is "momentum is kept". In other words, the total momentum before collision is equal to the subsequent total momentum. If the total momentum of the observed particles found by proton-proton collisions is not equal to the momentum of the two protons, it can be inferred that somewhere invisible particles must be present and this particle is lost momentum I will rob you.

Once you have collected all the particles, you can also reconstruct the whole collision by adding their momentum and energy (in the "transverse" direction, ie perpendicular to the beam line) (for example, create a huge jigsaw puzzle To do). When it is neutral and it can not be detected, the imbalance of collision can be seen. Particles jump out from one side and the other does not jump. And energy does not increase. This is shown as a hole in a jigsaw puzzle: missing particles seen through their missing energy or momentum

Once the missing particles are found, the CMS will be "sealed". This means capturing all the detectable particles that appear in the collision as much as possible. Large detectors have "escape paths", ie areas where particles can not be detected due to cables or other mechanical support. These areas should be minimized so that standard particles are not detected. Thus, if energy or momentum is "missing", it is actually due to invisible particles.

To find this missing energy, it is important for the CMS to have an excellent hadron calorimeter and detector at each angle around the beamline. This includes a very shallow angle called the "front area" so that particles coming from all directions can be reliably detected.

Another way to detect nature's dark matter particles is to create them in the laboratory. Experiments with large hasron collider (LHC) may be able to detect dark matter particles generated by LHC proton beam collision. Since dark matter particles should have very little interaction with normal visible matter, if other (nonnegligible) collision products are detected, it is possible to detect that (large) lost energy and momentum escape from the detector It can detect indirectly. Using the same principle, there are restrictions on dark matter in LEP experiments by detecting the interaction of dark matter particles with electrons rather than quarks. To prove that the discovered particles are indeed dark matter in our universe, discovery from collider search must be confirmed by indirect or direct detection of departmental discoveries It deserves attention.

Many scientific laboratories are trying to detect dark matter as the earth moves through the dark matter's space wind. Physicists say that the determination of elements that make up the mysterious dark matter opens up a whole new field of research, including the possibilities of multiple universe and other dimensions. Continue reading: South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) is the area of ​​the Van Allen radiation zone inside the Earth, closest to the surface of the Earth. This increases the flux of high-energy particles within that region, exposing the orbiting satellite to radiation above normal levels. This effect is caused by the non-concentricity of the Earth and its magnetic dipole. It is the weakest region of the Earth's magnetic field.