Deep-sea vent

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Mr. William Martin and Mr. Michael Russell pointed out the theory that life may have started in deep-sea pores, alkaline hydrothermal vents, submarine hot water holes, "The structure that precipitated in the hydrothermal mound of the invasion site I will develop into iron monosulfide ". Temperature gradient between sulfide-rich hydrothermal fluid and iron (II) -containing sea water Natural three-dimensional zoning observed in metal sulfide precipitates of fossil penetration sites suggests that these inorganic zones are cells Respectively. Precursors are found in free biological prokaryotic walls and membranes The vent is a continuous chemical energy source derived from a redox reaction in which an electron donor (hydrogen molecule) reacts with an electron acceptor (carbon dioxide) Form. World theory, exothermic reaction

The hydrothermal vent ecosystem has enormous biomass and productivity, but this depends on the symbiotic relationship occurring in the vent. Due to the symbiotic relationship between large invertebrate host and chemically autotrophic microbial symbiosis, deep sea hydrothermal pore ecosystem is different from shallow water hydrothermal ecosystem. Since sunlight can not reach hot water holes in the deep sea, organisms in deep sea hydrothermal pores can not harvest energy from the sun for photosynthesis. In contrast, the life of microorganisms found in hydrothermal vents is chemically synthesized, fixing the carbon with energy from chemicals such as sulfides rather than light from the sun. In other words, the symbiotic organism transforms the inorganic molecule (H 2 S, CO 2, O) into the host and then acts as a nutrient for the organic molecule. However, sulfide is a highly toxic substance for most life on Earth.

The first discovery in 1977 is that the deep sea hydrothermal vent community was full of vitality. Prior to that, it was thought that few species could survive near the deep ocean, close to any kind of volcanic activity and hot water generation. But in 1977 geologists working near the Galapagos encountered a 6 - foot high worm and a huge community of other new species, all of them near the hot - water inlet. The seawater found in the cracks of the ocean floor is heated by volcanic activity, the density lowers and rises. When this water comes in contact with newly solidified rocks, many minerals will elute from the new rock. In many ventilation areas, super hot water rises rapidly from the seabed and many minerals appear black. As it rises from the ocean floor, some minerals settle down and form a "chimney" around the drainage channel. These chimneys can grow to a height of 40 feet while black minerals rich hot water