Critical Age in First Language Acquisition

0 Introduction Language is a collection of arbitrary symbols used for communication. After birth, children will be taught or learn their first language. The terms mother tongue and mother tongue are sometimes used to mean the term first language. Having a language is a typical human characteristic. All ordinary people talk, there are no animals other than humans. (Pinker, 2005) Nonetheless, learning the first language is something that every child can successfully achieve in a few years without formal lessons.

First language acquisition means the development of children's languages ​​in the natural environment. Learning the first language is bilingual or monolingual. Bilingual primary language acquisition means that a child born can have 2 languages ​​at the same time. In contract, a single language refers to the development of a single language. However, in some studies, the development of primary language acquisition has been documented up to that stage.

Researchers scored language learning in two categories, first language acquisition and second language acquisition. Learning the first language is a universal process regardless of your mother tongue. The baby listens to the sounds around them, begins to mimic them, and eventually starts to produce words. Second language learns the knowledge of the first language hypothesis and includes processes that individuals experience when learning new language elements such as vocabulary, speech components, grammatical structure, writing system.

Learning and learning of the second language is defined as acquisition and acquisition of the second language once mastering of the mother tongue or first language is established. Second language acquisition (SLA) is a process of learning other languages ​​in addition to their mother tongue. For example, children speaking their mother tongues begin learning English at the beginning of school. I will learn English through the learning process of the second language. In fact, young children can learn second language earlier than adults learn the same language.

Native language, L1, or primary language refers to the language the children learn first during development. It is a language for children to communicate with children before learning to speak. In terms of child development, language acquisition is usually extended from 0 to 3 years old. Languages ​​learned after 12 years of age are considered the second language specified as L2. Empirical studies on the outcome of bilingual rhythm produced different results. In particular, previous studies have shown primarily bad effects on bilingualism. So far, several studies have shown. "We are one language, learning other languages ​​and speaking will infringe our nature."