Since cosmic rays are particles outside the earth, it is difficult to observe WIMP on the surface of the earth. Because WIMP has special properties, physicists choose underground shields, but unlike others, they can not absorb or reflect them. When WIMP hits the subsurface detector, the energy of the particle is passed to the detector and the physicist notices a small "hot or light signal" (Hooper, 28). XENON - 100 is an example of this experiment. This device contains cold liquid helium, which is a heavy gas present in the Earth's atmosphere.
Doppler redshift and cosmological redshift: Astronomers often misunderstand that the cosmological redshift is called normal Doppler shift. Although similar, the cosmological redshift is different from the Doppler redshift. Doppler redshifting is based on special relativity that does not consider expansion of space. By contrast, the cosmological redshift is based on general relativity, which takes into account the expansion of the space. Although it may look the same for nearby galaxies, understanding the behavior of distant galaxies through Doppler redshifts may cause confusion.
A good source of modern cosmology and its philosophical and religious backgrounds is Hetherington 1993. The historical interaction of cosmology and religion in the 20th century was solved in Kragh in 2004. With worthing in 1996. (A) Theological significance of physical cosmology can be found in Craig & Smith 1995. A general explanation of circulating quantum cosmology is in Bojowald 2009 and more technical notes are in Ashtekar 2009 and Wüthrich 2006. General reports on string cosmology are in Gasperini 2008 and Veneziano 2004, 2009. For Steinhardt and Turok's periodic cosmology, see Steinhardt & Turok 2007. For Penrose's conformal periodic cosmology, see Penrose 2010.