Concept and History of Permanency in U.S. Child Welfare

The history of child welfare in the United States is characterized by the continuing change of theme between family protection and child safety. In the 1970s, efforts were made to reduce the time spent by children to train and speed up the permanent process. Adoption in 1997 and Safe Family Law (ASL) (PL 105-89) became the first in the law to clearly address persistence-related issues that are essential to changing the perspective of child welfare practices It was. The law combines safety and durability by demonstrating that each factor is necessary to achieve overall child well-being. ASFA clearly states that child safety is essential but it also provides a new permanent definition of foster children and adolescents. The law stipulates that each country must improve children's safety, promote recruitment of other permanent shelters requiring children, and support families. ASFA also requires the Child Protection Agency to provide more timely assessment and intervention services for children and child welfare families. In addition, ASFA requires a reasonable effort by all agencies to find a permanent family for child care children.

Recently, in 2008, "Promotion of Promotion and Adoption Law" (PL 110 - 351) revised the "Social Security Act" to improve Riko's results, contact the caregiver, and encourage child rearing Did. Promoting connections has strengthened the services of young people who have lost track of themselves and developed new programs for children and adolescents who are receiving or are trying to regain connection with their families. This bill also provides the opportunity for the first direct administration of Indian tribes, tribal organizations, tribal alliances recognized by the Federation, the first IV-E project in history.

The permanent practice of child welfare and related policies continue to evolve as facilities, professionals, families, and policy makers strive to balance the safety of their children, preferably at their own home. The following resources outline the legislative efforts that took place over the past decade.

Summary of the role of federal law in securing the safety, durability and happiness of children and adolescents

Views on development: a series of white papers on promoting success and increasing recruitment in 2008

Provide a series of white papers to share information on the implementation of child rearing laws such as state and tribal efforts

The modern child welfare law follows the evolution of values ​​and prospects for child abuse. By deeply understanding this evolution, we will now look at the major child welfare laws in the United States. 1974 Child Abuse Protection Therapy Act (CAPTA) is the first major part of the modern US federal child welfare law above. The main terms of CAPTA are as follows. • Definition of child abuse and defined reporting requirements. Some civil servants or experts (such as teachers, doctors, law enforcement officials) act as "command journalists" or take legal responsibility to report suspicion of abuse. If an authorized journalist fails to report suspicion of abuse, it may be civil liability and criminal liability. Tennessee obliges child abuse suspects to report.

"Yes, there is somewhat nostalgic interpretation about the history of child welfare, and child welfare is regarded as little related to investigation and management of abuse until child abuse is discovered in the 1970s. We are worried.We do not think how child welfare is getting worse, but I think that it is not about entering the survey, but if so, how protection services deteriorate to investigation Is it done?

This article explores the concept of child welfare advocacy. Child advocates, child welfare workers and social workers may give a better understanding of these concepts and their role in protecting abused or ignored children Social advocacy and case advocacy Definition is proposed. A historical record of advocacy activity against abused and neglected children in the United States was presented, followed by analysis of current advocacy activities and emphasized the possibility of a designated special advocate of the Court (CASA). This paper also introduces the meaning and idea of ​​social workers to support children in the child welfare system.