Comparing the Mental State of Patients With and Without Phantom Limb Pain Using The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale

One popular tool for researchers is the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). It was created for use in well-functioning questionnaires to evaluate patient symptom severity and cases of anxiety or depression. In an article I reviewed, a study was conducted to evaluate anxiety and depression in a patient with phantom limb pain disconnected and to compare these psychological disorders with non-phantom chronic pain patients using the HADS questionnaire It was.

Depression and Anxiety Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to assess anxiety and depression (Zigmond & Snaith, 1983). The scale consisted of anxiety scale (HADS - A) and depression scale (HADS - D). Each subscale consists of seven items that are scored on a Likert scale of 4 points. The total score of each subscale is 0 to 21, and the higher the score, the more anxiety or depression is indicated. A score of 8 is considered anxiety or depression. This questionnaire is used for investigation of I, III, IV, and V.

Anxiety and depression modules for BRFSS have been developed to gather additional information on mental health status. In 2006, this module was used in 38 states and 3 regions to determine current prevalence of depression, lifelong diagnosis of depression, and lifetime diagnosis of anxiety. • Other non-Hispanic adults aged 50 to 64 are most likely to report "dissatisfied" or "very dissatisfied" in their lives (9.7% versus 7.0%, Hispanic population 7.2% ) Blacks, non-Hispanic adults, 5.25% of Caucasians of the same age group, non-Hispanic adults)

Angrilli and Koster (1999) examined the hypothesis that prosthetic limb amputees have different psychophysiological response patterns compared to non-stress amputees. Participants in their study were divided into two groups, painful cutters and painless cutters. Each of these groups has two tasks: stress and relaxation. Tasks that include stress are mental tasks, voiced mental tasks, cold stress tests, and free speech tests. Relaxation tests include rhythmic breathing and relaxation of muscles. In these tasks, stump skin temperature, limb amputee's heart rate and blood pressure are measured. There are two important discoveries for this experiment. First, the basic peripheral temperature difference between phantom pain and painless patients was found throughout the record. PLP patients show small temperature differences between intact limbs and stumps. They are related!