Comparing the Human and Chimpanzee Genomes

In terms of ID, the gorilla is closer to the chimpanzee than the chimpanzee, but the difference is very small, it can not be judged as 100%. Later research can solve this problem. Chimpanzees are close to humans in the system and close to gorillas, but the determined divergence time was not much different from the study in 1967. (2) It is easy to distinguish between our DNA and other primates, but it is actually difficult. Approximately 5% of our DNA is different from the DNA of chimpanzees.

In order to better understand the evolutionary relationships of bonobos, chimpanzees, and humans, we sequenced the genomes of female Bonobo (Ulindi) and compared them with the genomes of chimpanzees and humans. Compared to the 6 × Sanger sequence chimpanzee genome 6 (panTro 2), the Bonobo genome assembly has a similar number of bases aligned with the human genome, a similar number of lineage specific substitutions and similar insertion error rates (Table 1 and Supplementary information). ), Sections 2 and 3), indicating that the two aphids genomes have similar properties. Segmentation repeat affects at least 80 Mb of chimpanzee genome based on depth prediction of excess sequence lead. Due to repetitive excessive collapse, the final assembly has only 14.6 Mb (Supplemental Information, Section 4), which is a common mistake in assembly of short reading technology 7. Therefore, the chimpanzee genome can be used as a high quality sequence for comparative genomic analysis.

Evaluate quality and scope. Strict quality assessment of genomic construction of chimpanzees is based on comparison with finished chimpanzee bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) and human genome (see supplementary information "Sequencing and construction of genome" and supplementary tables S7 to S16) . Accuracy of nucleotide levels is high by several methods. Approximately 98% of the chimpanzee genomic sequence has a quality score 25 (Q 40) of at least 40 and a corresponding error rate ≦ 10 -4. Comparison of the WGS sequence and the BAC finished with 1.3 Mb from the individual sequenced is in agreement with this estimate giving a high quality difference of 3 × 10 -4 substitution and 2 × 10 -4 insertion, Does not exceed the given expected heterojunction rate. Since 50% of the polymorphic alleles in the WGS sequence are different from haplotype BAC, see below)