Compare/Contrast Mali, Ghana, Songhai

Ghana, Mali, Songhagana, Mali, Songhai are the largest trading countries in West Africa. Beginning in Ghana and dominating the trade of gold, salt and goods between North Africa and Sub-Saharan Africa as early as 300 c.e in the 16th century when Morocco conquered Songhai. Arab scholars and businessmen, far from Baghdad, are surprised by the wealth of these African countries. The geographer al-Ya'qubi claims that "there is money nationwide." But trade in gold and salt is not the sole basis of West African civilization. Due to famous culture, knowledge and cultural achievements, Timbuktu and other cities are famous centers for producing theology, history and science books. Ghana, Mali, Songhai are successfully organized countries that overcome the tribal division and combine the traditional beliefs with the universal ambitions of Islam.

Ghana, West Africa, Mali, Songhai have abundant culture and economy. Ghana is ranked No. 1, unifying the surrounding population. It was overthrown by the Mari Empire, the hometown of Mansa Musa I, the wealthiest man in history. The Mali Empire has been very successful and has been dominated by luxury for centuries. It was replaced by the Matsumi Empire in the late 14th century. These three consecutive kingdoms receive hundreds of billions of dollars ($ 2014) from the mine that dominates the West African river. They utilize sub-Saharan trade to sell gold and luxury goods to other parts of the world, making full use of demand.