Columbian Exchange: History of the Americas, Eurasia and Africa

People who lived in Africa at that time - Eurasia is already immune to these diseases. Native Americans have none of these exemptions, so 90% of the first Americans died between 1492 and 1650. Old world crops such as wheat, barley, rice and radish do not cross the western Atlantic. Among the new world crops not going to Eastern Europe are maize, white potatoes, sweet potatoes, cassava. However, in the Americas, sheep, goats, horses, etc. are not old world animals.

The beginning of extensive contact between Europe, Africa, and the Americas has had a major impact on the environment and demographics history of all involved areas. In a process known as exchange of Colombia, many plants, animals, and diseases are deliberately and unintentionally transplanted from one continent to another. The epidemiological impact of this exchange on indigenous peoples in the Americas is widespread and has resulted in extremely high mortality and population declines of 50 to 90%, even 100%. Immigrants in Europe and Africa also show high mortality on arrival but may be replaced with new immigration transport (see Native Americans' population history). Many foods common in Europe today, such as corn (corn) and potatoes, were born in the New World and were not known in Europe until the 16th century.

After Columbus arrived in the Americas, the animals, plants and bacteria of the two worlds began to mix. This process was first studied by American historian Alfred Crosby and was called Colombian exchange. The exchange of Colombia has greatly lasting influence on the world by reintegrating the biologically diverse land previously. New diseases have been brought to the American population, and they have not had previous experience. The result is devastating. These populations are also introduced in new weeds and pests, livestock and pets. New food and fiber crops were introduced in Eurasia and Africa, dietary habits were improved and trade was stimulated. In addition, Colombian replacement has brought fun and results of the use of coffee, sugar, and tobacco to millions of people and has greatly expanded the production of several popular medicines. The result of this exchange will rebuild the biology of the two regions and change the history of the world.