Classical and Operant Conditioning (Skinner)

Behavioralism theory is based on the basic idea that intensive actions will continue, and ultimately punishment will end [1].

What is the difference between operational conditioning and classic conditioning? In operation conditioning, a voluntary response is followed by an enhancement. In this way, individuals are more likely to volunteer (eg take an exam). In contrast, classical conditioning means that the stimulus automatically causes an involuntary reaction.

Operational conditioning can be described as a process that tries to change behavior using positive and negative enhancement. Through operational adjustments, individuals associate specific behaviors with outcomes [2].

Case 2: The teacher awards bonus points to the most calm and energetic students. Students will voluntarily become quiet and, as performance improves, you will earn more points.

Example 3: When an animal (eg hungry lion) pushes the lever, the animal is given an enhanced type (eg food) [3].

He believes that the so-called "motion conditioning" of behaviorist BF F. Skinner should pay attention to the external and observable causes of behavior (not to elucidate internal thoughts and motivations).

A positive enhancer is a preferred event or result that is administered to an individual after a desired behavior. This appears in the form of praise, reward, etc.

Negative enhancers are typically characterized by removing undesirable or unpleasant outcomes after the desired behavior. To eliminate what is considered negative,

Instead, punishment means that unforeseen things happen and the subsequent actions are diminished.

Positive punishment is when giving harmful events and results to weaken the subsequent reaction

Negative punishment is characterized by removing favorable events and results after undesirable behavior

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In retrospect, let's compare Pavlov's traditional adjustments with Skinner's operating conditions. Classical conditioning and operation conditioning is a process leading to learning. Classical conditioning pairs two stimuli, while operative regulation modulates behavior and response. Learning is done before classical conditional reaction and after reaction of operating conditions. You learn classical conditions through the association and strengthen or punish under operating conditions. In addition, classical conditioning always applies to involuntary reactions, but operational conditioning is related to voluntary behavior. Extinction, extinction, natural recovery, and generalization of stimuli are various possible phenomena.

Regarding behaviorism, Pavlov's classical conditional theory and the operating conditions of Skinner are very important. Classical conditions explain that some learning may result from unwilling emotional and psychological reactions. On the other hand, operation conditioning reflects regulation of voluntary and controllable behavior. A behaviorist can emphasize that human behavior is learning and can change through strengthening and punishment. Unlike behaviorism, humanism uses different psychological methods to treat individuals as a whole. They believe that everyone is unique and completely free to realize his natural possibilities. When observing individuals, they tend to adopt the views of people within the area rather than observers.

Surgical psychologist B. F. Skinner first described surgical conditioning. It is sometimes called Skinnerian conditioning and instrument conditioning. Skinner thinks that classical conditioning does not explain all types of learning, but I am interested in understanding how behavioral consequences affect behavior. As with classical conditioning, the operating conditions vary depending on the organizing body. However, in motion adjustment, there is a correlation between the motion and the motion result. If action leads to desirable results, that action may be repeated again in the future. However, if that action leads to negative consequences, that behavior will be less likely to occur.