Circulatory Pathways

Identification of blood vessels moving in the pulmonary artery circuit from the right ventricle of the heart to the end of the left atrium

I will create a flow chart showing the major systemic arteries through which blood flows from the aorta and its main branches and the most important arteries entering the left and right upper limbs and lower limbs.

Create a flowchart showing the whole body vein of blood from the heart's foot to the right atrium

Right ventricular blood flows into the pulmonary artery trunk and branches into two pulmonary arteries. These branches supply blood to pulmonary capillaries where gas exchange occurs in the alveoli. Blood passes through the pulmonary vein and returns to the left atrium

The common carotid artery creates the external carotid artery and the internal carotid artery. The external carotid artery remains superficial and causes many arteries in the head. The internal carotid artery first forms a carotid sinus and then reaches the brain through the carotid and carotid artery holes and enters the skull through the occipital hole. The vertebral artery branches from the subclavian artery and passes through the lateral hole of the cervical vertebra and enters the skull base of the vertebral foramen. The subclavian artery continues to function as the arms of the radial artery

The figure at the bottom of the figure shows the arterial network acting on the brain. This structure is called Willis' arterial ring or circle.

The flow chart below summarizes the distribution of the main iliac artery main branch to the pelvis and lower extremities. The left side is like the pattern on the right side

The picture shows that the artery supplying blood to the arm and hand is an extension of the subclavian artery.

Figure 22. The liver receives blood from the normal systemic circulation through the hepatic artery. It also receives and processes blood from other organs and distributes it through the portal system. All blood goes out of the liver through the hepatic vein and blood is carried from the liver to the inferior vena cava. (Different colors are used to help distinguish different containers in the system.)

A single circulation path as shown below consists of a dual chamber heart with an atrium and a ventricle (the structure of the heart will be described in detail later in this chapter). Fish has a single circulation path. The heart pumps hypoxic blood into the sputum and sends oxygen. Oxygenated blood is then supplied to the whole body of the fish and deoxygenated blood is returned to the heart. The right atrium undergoes deoxygenation in the body and the right ventricle delivers it to the lungs for oxygenation. The left atrium receives the oxygenated blood from the lungs and the left ventricle sends it to the other parts of the body. Most mammals, including humans, have this type of circulatory system. These cardiovascular systems are called "dual" cardiovascular system since they consist of two circuits called pulmonary circulatory system and general circulatory system.

Human cardiovascular system includes lung and whole body circulatory system. The pulmonary circulatory system consists of blood vessels that carry deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs and carry oxygen-containing blood from the lungs to the heart. In the systemic circulatory system, blood vessels transport oxygenated blood from the heart to various organs in the body and return the deoxygenated blood to the heart. In the pulmonary circulatory system, deoxygenated blood exits the heart through the right ventricle and is transported to the lungs through the pulmonary artery. The pulmonary artery is the only artery that carries deoxygenated blood. It sends blood to the capillary where it diffuses from the blood to the alveoli (lung cells) and then to the lungs that it expels. At the same time, oxygen diffuses into the alveoli, enters the bloodstream, passes through the pulmonary veins and returns to the left atrium of the heart.

The cardiovascular system, also called the cardiovascular system, consists of a vascular network that carries the heart, lung, and blood. The pulmonary circulatory system sends hypoxic blood from the heart to the pulmonary artery and lungs and returns oxygenated blood through the pulmonary veins. Hypoxic blood enters the heart through the right atrium and flows through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle. It is then pumped into the pulmonary artery and pulmonary artery and lungs. When entering the lungs, carbon dioxide is released from the blood and oxygen is absorbed. Pulmonary vein returns oxygenated blood to the heart