Chromatography

Chromatography is a separation technique in which the mixture to be separated is dissolved in a solvent and the resultant solution (commonly referred to as the mobile phase) is passed through another substance, the stationary phase. The separation of the original mixture depends on the intensity with which each component is attracted to the stationary phase. Substances that are strongly attracted to the stationary phase will lag behind and will not move with only the mobile phase. In the mobile phase, weak attractants move faster.

There are four kinds of chromatographs. These are liquid chromatography, gas chromatography, thin layer chromatography and paper chromatography. The world uses liquid chromatography to test water samples for lake and river pollution. It is used for analysis of metal ions and organic compounds in solution. Liquid chromatography uses a liquid that can incorporate hydrophilic insoluble molecules. Gas chromatography is used at the airport to detect bombs and is used for evidence in various ways. It is used to analyze human body fibers and analyze blood found at crime scene. In gas chromatography, hydrazine is used to move the gaseous mixture through the column of absorbing material. Thin layer chromatography uses absorbing materials on flat glass or plastic plates. This is an easy and quick way to check the purity of organic compounds. It is used to detect pesticides and residual pesticides in food. We use a piece of paper as stationary phase

Chromatography is a common method for characterizing, isolating and purifying molecules. Over the years, modern chromatography has automated and robotized, including many different types of chromatography including gas chromatography (GC), high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), and high performance liquid chromatography (FLPC). These systems are coupled to various types of detectors. Some examples refer to LC (liquid chromatography) by mass spectrometry (MS), UV / Vis, ultraviolet (UV) or visible (Vis) light absorption, fluorescence based detectors using many biomolecules. , Measuring fluorescent signals from fluorescent molecules that react or adhere to or bind various biomolecules, etc.

Liquid chromatography (LC) is a separation technique in which the mobile phase is a liquid. It can be done in column or plane. Presently very small packed particles and relatively high pressure liquid chromatography are commonly referred to as high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In HPLC, the sample is passed through a high pressure liquid (mobile phase) through a column filled with a stationary phase consisting of irregular or spherical particles, a porous monolithic layer or a porous membrane. Depending on the polarity of mobile phase and stationary phase, HPLC has historically been divided into two different subclasses.