Chapter 17: Southwest Asia and the Indian Ocean, 1500-1750

The Ottoman Turks expanded from Anatolia to establish a huge land empire that reached that height under the splendor of Suleiman in the 16th century. The center body of the empire is a cavalry and an army army corps. However, because it ignores the power of the ocean, we can not solve the problem of expansion to the Indian Ocean in Portugal. As the empire became more international, Islam formed the urban culture, and local customs spread in rural areas. Technological change superseded the cavalry and turned to Janissaries. This is a change that caused a financial and political crisis. As a result, the Janissaries gained greater power and Sudan has lost a lot of control over government problems. In the 17th and 18th centuries, the Ottoman Empire was intertwined with the European economy, and the former was disadvantageous. At the same time, central authorities are increasingly delegated to independent local rulers.

Ismail founded the Safavid Empire and declared Shia Islam as a national religion, thus completing a cultural division between Iranians and Sunni neighbors. Safavid Isfahan has similar cultural similarities as Istanbul in the Ottoman Empire. However, Esfahan is not international as it is located inland. Silk and carpet are the major manufacturers of Safavid, but most of the empire's theme is based on agriculture or grazing. Like the Ottoman Empire, Safavid faces heavy military expenditure brought about by technological change. Together with the decline in inflation and empire land transactions, these costs steadily weakened the country. When the Afghan invasion occupied Esfahan in 1722, the empire actually collapsed.

The Mughal Empire was founded by Babur and reached its height under Akbar. Mughal ignored the Navy and gave European trade privileges in exchange for naval support. Akbar is strengthening the country by including Muslim governance in the majority of Hindus. Muslims and Hindus relate to the government and observe their laws. Akbar also created "sacred faith" to reflect his view on social harmony. Therefore, mixed court culture developed and prospered to Aurangzeb 's unacceptable regime. After the death of Aurangzeb, the empire collapsed, fragmented and virtually closed in 1739 when Iran occupied Delhi. Participation in Europe increased as France and the UK contested the hegemony of trade. France withdrew in 1754 and opened India to the UK

In the Indian Ocean, the sea empire grew under the influence of Muslim. Muslim began to invade Southeast Asia in the 14th century. Initially it was in the port city and the royal palace. Initially, the transformational subjects were traders and Sufi missionaries. In the 16th century, pilgrims of scholars began to influence urban areas, but Islam dominated the countryside. Muslims developed emerging countries against growing European forces. In East Africa, Swahili Port was transferred from Portugal to Oman's rule, under which its own language and culture developed. After driving Portuguese from the Indian Ocean, the Dutch East India Company dominated the growing business empire. Under the pressure of European competitors, the Netherlands turned from brokerage trade to production of export products. The Netherlands also brought European influence to Australia and New Zealand

The change and sustainability of the business in the Indian Ocean region ranged from 650 BCE to 1750 BCE. Between 650 BC and 1750 BC, the Indian Ocean region experienced change and continuity. One continuity is trade, the Indian Ocean was an important trade area in the 1100s. One of the changes in the Indian Ocean trade over the years is which country dominated the trade. Over the years the Indian Ocean has been ruled by Indians, Arabs, Chinese, and Europeans. These are the continuity and change of Indian Ocean trade in the above year. In the Indian Ocean in 650 and 1750 BC, the business had many continuity. One of continuity is the item of trading. More contents

From the year 650 AD to the year 1750 AD, the business of the Indian Ocean had many changes and continuity. One of the main continuity of the Indian Ocean business is to export and use the same trade route for importing and exporting goods such as gold and ivory. The big change is how economically prosperous the business of the Indian Ocean is. The business in the Indian Ocean is growing rapidly, with trade in East Africa, Persian Gulf, Red Sea and India. Another major change is that it has become increasingly involved in the trade of the Indian Ocean immediately after European people have discovered.