Cerebellum

The cerebellum is located behind the upper part of the brainstem (the spinal cord encounters the brain) and consists of two hemispheres (half).

The cerebellum receives information from the sensory system, the spinal cord, and other parts of the brain, and then regulates exercise movement. The cerebellum coordinates voluntary movements such as posture, balance, coordination, conversation, etc., resulting in smooth and balanced muscle activity. This is also important for learning about exercise behavior.

It is a relatively small part of the brain - about 10% of the total weight, about half of the neurons of the brain contain specialized cells that transmit information through electrical signals.

The cerebellum is not only for humans. From an evolutionary point of view, it is the old part of the brain. It is in the animal that believes that scientists exist in front of humans

Damage to the cerebellum does not cause paralysis or mental retardation, but it may result in lack of balance, slow movement and tremor (trembling). Complex physical work becomes unstable and stops

The cerebellum is behind the cerebral hemisphere. The cerebellum participates in smooth and cooperative exercise as well as exercise learning and adaptation. It is not directly related to the spinal cord, but it indirectly influences the movement through binding with the cerebellum, but those movements lack normal coordination; these characteristic defects are Together called ataxia. Cortical efferent fibers converge through the endocapsis, which is a very dense aggregate of cortical afferent fibers and efferent fibers located outside the thalamus. From these capsules, these and other descending fibers from paired cerebral infarction each contain about 20 million fibers. Between 85% and 95% of these fibers are terminated in the brain stem, occupying the largest proportion in the bridge.

The deep nucleus of the cerebellum is a mass of gray matter in the white matter of the cerebellar nucleus. In addition to nearby vestibular nuclei, they are the only source of cerebellar output. These nuclei undergo accidental projections from mossy fibers and ascending fibers and inhibitory inputs from cerebellar cortex Purkinje cells. Four nuclei (dentate, spherical, plugged, and apical) are each in communication with different parts of the brain and cerebellar cortex. (Spherical nucleus and embolus nucleus are also called bound within the inserted nucleus). The cerebellum and the inserted nucleus belong to the spinal cord cerebellum. The dentate nucleus is much larger in the mammal than the other parts and forms a thin, complex gray matter layer communicating with the outer part of the cerebellar cortex.