Century/millennium internal climate oscillations in an ocean‐atmosphere‐continental ice sheet model

It is a simple climate model, demonstrating that there is nonlinear feedback between the atmosphere, the ocean and the ice sheet, and it produces an internal vibration of the century / millimeter time scale as seen in the paleoclimate record. This feedback covers the meridian heat and salt transport in the North Atlantic Ocean, continental ice sheets melting and growing in the northern hemisphere, and surface ocean fresh water flux related to water vapor transport from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. Positive feedback between the production of the North Atlantic Ocean (NADW) and the meridian salt transport of the Atlantic thermohaline circulation tends to compromise the stability of the climate system, while the positive feedback through the hot salt circulation between the freshwater flux and the continental ice sheet Negative Feedback The high latitude Northeastern Meridian heat flux realized stabilizes the system. Due to hot salt and salt transport, the thermal salt circulation plays an important role in positive feedback and feedback. Due to the asymmetry between the growth phase and the melting phase, vibration usually involves increasing or decreasing the amount of ice per cycle. This is reflected in the model due to the increase and decrease of the average salinity. The amplitude of the oscillation can be as large as the variation observed in the flow of molten water during the last ice inhibition since the feedback mechanism itself may have participated positively in the glacier ablation process Respectively. In Dansgaard-Oeschger case, feedback may be the cause. They are also obvious rapid collapse candidates for the major ice sheets (about 300 years) occurring at intervals of 7 to 10 ky and identified as Heinrich phenomenon in the North Atlantic sedimentary records.

The importance of the major elements of the climate system for the climate change and its impact (such as sea level rise) in the coming century are atmospheric, oceanic, terrestrial biosphere, glacier and ice sheets, and the surface of the earth. To predict the impact of human disturbance on the climate system it is necessary to calculate the impact of all the critical processes that affect these elements of the climate system and their interactions. These climatic processes can be expressed mathematically based on physical laws such as mass conservation, momentum, energy, etc. However, the complexity of the system means that calculations from these mathematical expressions can in fact only be carried out by using a computer. Therefore, the formula is implemented in a computer program, which is called a "model".

It is a simple climate model, demonstrating that there is nonlinear feedback between the atmosphere, the ocean and the ice sheet, and it produces an internal vibration of the century / millimeter time scale as seen in the paleoclimate record. This feedback covers the meridian heat and salt transport in the North Atlantic Ocean, continental ice sheets melting and growing in the northern hemisphere, and surface ocean fresh water flux related to water vapor transport from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. Positive feedback between the production of the North Atlantic Ocean (NADW) and the meridian salt transport of the Atlantic thermohaline circulation tends to compromise the stability of the climate system, while the positive feedback through the hot salt circulation between the freshwater flux and the continental ice sheet Negative feedback High latitude North Atlantic meridional heat flux achieved stabilizes the system

Weather is the state of the atmosphere - temperature, humidity, wind, rain etc. - hours to weeks. It is influenced by the sea, the land surface, the ice sheet and forms the so-called "climate system" with the atmosphere. In the broadest sense, the climate is a statistical representation of the state of the climate system. Climate change is a change in the statistical characteristics of the climate system and lasts more than decades, usually at least 30 years. These statistical characteristics include mean, variability, and extreme values. Climate change can be caused by natural processes such as changes in solar radiation, internal changes in volcanoes and climate systems, or changes in atmospheric composition and land use due to human influences.