Causes and Effects of the Rapid Sinking of the Titanic

Further evidence of brittle fracture of hull steel was discovered when casting a steel cigarette size specimen taken from a Titanic shipwreck to the Charpy test. Was used to measure the brittleness of the material and the Charpy test was performed by placing the test specimen against the steel back and impacting the specimen with a 67 pound pendulum on a 5 pound arm. The contact point of the pendulum is measured and read out with the power of electronic record in milliseconds. A piece of modern high quality steel was tested with hull steel specimens. To simulate the evening night of the Titanic disaster, both coupons were placed in an alcohol bath at -1 ° C. When testing modern steel samples, the pendulum shook and stopped clicking; the test piece was bent to "V". However, when a test piece of Titanic steel was tested, the pendulum struck the coupon without sudden descent and continued swinging with little deceleration; the sample was divided into two and departed to the room [Gannon , 1995]. ]. Photographs of two samples after the Charpy test are shown in the figure. The test shows the brittleness of Titanic hull steel. When the Titanic attacked the iceberg, the hull plate did not deform. They are broken

The figure shows the results of Charpy test of modern steel and titanium steel [Gannon, 1995]. If the pendulum bumps to the contemporary steel on the left with great power, the sample will bend without break; it is tough. Under the same impact load, the titanium steel on the right is very brittle; it is almost divided into two parts with little deformation.

Although the sinking of the Titanic was due to collision with the iceberg, other problems on the ship increased the possibility of sinking. The quality of titanium steel is very bad. The chemical composition is insufficient and the impact resistance is low. The fact that the Titanic was acting in an abnormally cold sea area at this time complicates the problem. When exposed to temperatures near the freezing point, the steel becomes very brittle. In addition, the iron on the ship has excess slag (waste of metal), so weak rivets cause rupture. Slag is usually used to increase the strength of iron, but excessive has the opposite effect. Subsequent investigations also showed that the previous warning was to pay attention to the icebergs in the area, but the ship sailed too fast in these dangerous waters. This danger greatly increases the possibility of collision with the iceberg

Field Knowing why the Titanic is sinking rapidly is necessary to prevent a similar accident in the future. Changing ship design and safety regulations after the earthquake effectively reduced casualties at sea. For example, in 1956, 1,600 Andreadria passengers and 700 Prinsendam passengers in 1980, and Mikhail Lemenov in 1986 and Oceanos in 1992 were rescued. Passengers and crew However, we need to study other courses. Just because a shipbuilding company has technology to build something does not mean they should do it. In case of Yes