cathode ray tube (CRT)

A cathode ray tube (CRT) is a vacuum tube exclusively for generating an image when an electron beam hits a phosphorescent surface. Most desktop computer monitors use CRTs. The CRT of the computer monitor is similar to the "picture tube" of the television receiver.

A cathode ray tube comprises several basic components as shown below. The electron gun produces an electron beam. The anode accelerates electrons. The reflective coil generates an extremely low frequency electromagnetic field that constantly adjusts the direction of the electron beam. There are two pairs of deflection coils in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction (only one set of coils in the figure is shown for simplicity). The intensity of the beam can be changed. When the electron beam strikes the phosphor coated screen, the electron beam produces a small bright visible spot.

Complex signals are added to the device controlling the intensity of the deflection yoke and the electron beam to generate an image on the screen. This determines the position from right to left and top to bottom on the screen on a series of horizontal lines called the theater. When reading a single text page from the front of the CRT, the light spot moves in the same way as eye movement. But the scan is fast, your eyes will see a constant image across the screen

The figure shows only one electron gun. This is a typical black and white or black and white CRT. However, almost all today's CRTs present color images. These devices have three electron guns. One is red, one is green, and the other is the primary color of blue. CRTthus generates three overlapping images. One is red (R), the other is green (G), and the other is blue (B). This is a so-called RGB color model.

The computer system has several display modes, or a series of specifications for CRT operation. The most common specification of CRT display is called SVGA (Super Video Graphics Array). Laptops usually use liquid crystal displays. The technology of these displays is quite different from the technology of CRT.

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The first CRT was invented by Michael Faraday (1791-1867). The cathode line is a type of radiation emitted by the cathode which is the cathode terminal and is found by passing current through a glass tube which is almost vacuum. The radiation passes through the vacuum tube to the anode and the anode. The cathode ray generated by the CRT is invisible and can be detected only by light from the material (called the phosphor) that they impinge on the end of the CRT to indicate the path of the cathode ray. These phosphors indicate that the cathode wire linearly propagates and has characteristics regardless of the cathode material (gold, silver, etc.). Another important property of cathode rays is that they are deflected by magnetic and electric fields in the same way as negatively charged materials. George Stony first gave the word electron to the cathode line

In 1897, British physicist J. J. Thomson was able to deflect cathode lines in three famous experiments. This is the basic function of modern cathode ray tube (CRT). Early version of CRT was invented by German physicist Ferdinand Brown in 1897. It is a modified version of Cold cathode diode, Crooks with phosphor coated screen. In 1906, German Max Dikeman and Gustav Grazi made raster images for the first time at CRT. In 1907, Russian scientist Boris Rosing formed an image using the CRT at the receiving side of the experimental video signal. He managed to display a simple geometric figure on the screen somehow