CASE 14: Curbing tobacco use in Poland

Health: Tobacco is the second most fatal threat to adult health in the world, one in 10 adults has died. It is estimated that 500 million people will die early due to consumption of tobacco today. More than three-quarters of the world's 2 billion smokers live in middle-low income countries where smoking rates are rising. By 2030, the number of deaths related to smoking will double, and it is estimated that 6 out of 10 people will die. In the 1980s, Poland was the country with the highest smoking rate in the world. About three quarters of Polish men between 20 and 60 years old are smoking daily. In 1990, the probability of a 15 - year - old boy born in Poland reaching his 60th birthday is lower than in most countries, and Poland 's middle - aged men have the highest proportion of lung cancer.

Intervention or plan: In 1995, the Polish parliament passed the revolutionary tobacco control law as follows:

Health education activities and 'Great Poland smog' also raised the awareness of the dangers of smoking and encouraged the Poles to stop smoking

Impact: Between 1990 and 1998, consumption of tobacco decreased by 10%, and the number of smokers decreased from 14 million in the 1980s to less than 10 million in the latter half of the 1990s. Decrease in smoking leads to the following.

14 The main reason for the increase in tobacco demand is the increase in Glasgow traders and French tobacco monopoly companies. A Study of Jacob Price, in particular France and Chesapeake: The Relationship between French Tobacco Monopoly History, 1694-1791 and the British American Tobacco Trade (University of Michigan Press, 1973). 19 McCord Edition, South Carolina Regulations, vol. An overview of the influence of Stono rebellion, Peter H. Wood, Black Majority: from 1670 Colonial South Carolina Blacks to Stone Rebels (Reprint; New York: Norton, 1996); Peter Charles Hofer, Cry Liberty: The great freedom river, 1939 Slave Rebellion (New York: Oxford, 2011), Mark M. Smith, "Introduction", Smith, Editor, SStono: Records and insertion of the southern slave riot (Colombia, University of South Carolina Press, 2005 Year)

Lawsuits against tobacco manufacturers and related tobacco industry groups have filed lawsuits in the United States since the 1950s. The latest tobacco litigation began in 1997 and there were more cases than in the early days. The most important distinguishing feature of these incidents is that plaintiffs have internal knowledge about the health effects of tobacco use, the operation of nicotine leads to poisoning and obtains a large amount of new evidence about hiding this information It is possible to do.

Since 2005 the Tobacco Control Framework Convention has restricted the use of tobacco. This is an international treaty that sets guidelines on tobacco sales and consumption. The convention mandates each country to take measures such as prohibiting sales, using detailed warnings on tobacco packaging, and protecting people from second-hand smoke in public places. Technically, the countries ratifying the Convention are legally bound by these provisions. However, the implementation of FCTC is segmented and takes time. The prevalence changed, but as the population increased the number of smokers increased significantly. In 1980, 720 million people had smoked, but in 2012 this number has approached one billion.