Cartilage Synthesis

The human body is composed of four organizations. The connective tissue is one of them, including blood, bone, cartilage and lymphatic tissue. In these connective tissues, cartilage gives the body flexibility and elasticity. In the neonatal period, almost all connective tissue that becomes bone is cartilage. At the later stages of life, these cartilages calcify to form bones. There are three types of cartilage, elastic cartilage, hyaline cartilage and fibrocartilage. Elastic cartilage provides flexibility and flexibility.

In early osteoarthritis, cartilage swelling usually occurs by increased synthesis of proteoglycans; this reflects chondrocyte efforts to repair cartilage damage. This phase may last several or decades and is characterized by hypertrophic repair of articular cartilage. However, as osteoarthritis progresses, the levels of proteoglycans ultimately become very low, they soften the cartilage and lose its elasticity, further compromising the integrity of the joint surface. Under the microscope, exfoliation and fibrosis (vertical crack) occur along normal smooth articular cartilage on the surface of the osteoarthritic joint. Over time, cartilage loss leads to loss of joint space

Conventional articular cartilage, also known as hyaline cartilage, provides a smooth, transparent sliding surface to help the joint move. The hyaline cartilage structure is divided into 4 layers: shallow, middle, deep and calcified and calcified layers represent the transition from articular cartilage to bone (Figure 4). This cartilage is designed to achieve and maintain the normal function of most people in their lives. If the cartilage is subjectively overweight, excessively used, misplaced, or injured, the bone will remain rubbed against the bone and begin to wear.