Byzantium versus Western Europe

The eastern tribe of the Roman Empire was led by Byzantine and later renamed Constantinople after Emperor Constantin (316). Until Charlemagne revived the Western empire it was the capital (316). Between 324 and 330, the Byzantine Empire shifted from the early period of expansion and glory to the era of continual contradiction and division and finally to devastating failure "(316). In the first phase, between 324 and 632, the history of Byzantine was a great success in geography, politics and culture (317).

As the only stable long-term country in medieval Europe, Byzantium has separated Western Europe from emerging power. It is constantly being attacked and separates the Western Europe from Persians, Arabs, Serjuk Turks, and the Ottoman Empire. From another point of view, the evolution of the Byzantine state and the constant reconstruction are directly related to the progress of each of Islam since the 7th century. After Ottoman Turkey conquered Constantinople in 1453, Sultan Mehmet II won the title of Ottoman Turkish (equivalent to Roman Caesar) because he decided to make Ottoman Turkey the successor to the East Roman Empire. According to Cameron, the Ottoman Empire regarded itself as "heirs of Byzantine", retained important aspects of that tradition, thereby promoting the "revival of the Orthodox" in post-communism era in Eastern European countries .

As a barbarian invader destroyed the Western empire, the East survived by Constantinople and Byzantine as its capital. Although Western trade, urban life and academia are declining, Byzantium has developed a powerful government that supports the important economy, complex knowledge and artistic life, and eastern church. Due to the difference between doctrine and administration, the western and eastern churches broke down in 1054, and centuries of division between Latin and Greek Christian world ceased. Byzantine reached political height under the rule of Justinian who conquered part of the former Western empire. Continued attacks from various people, including Latin Christians, weakened Byzantium and eventually became the Ottoman Turks in 1454.

Due to the invasion of Mongolia, the decline of Russia, and the collapse of Byzantium, Eastern Europe entered a difficult period. Border areas such as Poland are affected by the West, the Balkans penetrate into the Turkish Islamic world. Western Europe and Eastern Europe developed separately, the former advanced the power and intercultural complexity. The Byzantine Empire is actively involved in regional trade; Constantinople is one of the world's largest trading cities, and the Empire is a link between Northern Europe and the Mediterranean. When Byzantine rejected and Mongolia conquered Russia, an isolated period began. In the 15th century, Russia began to regain its independence and faced a decision to reconnect with the West.