Black Wealth/ White Wealth and The Social Stratification Theory

Through the analysis of US private equity, Melvin Oliver and Thomas Shapiro 's 1997 book, Black Wealth / White Fortune, explains the common differences in the accumulation of white and black wealth. Through their study Oliver and Shapiro discovered that racial differences in accumulated wealth explain why the majority of blacks can not stand up from the bottom of social structure. Looking back 52 years ago, when Melvin Tumin criticized Kingsley-Davis and the theory of social stratification by Wilbert Moore was studied, the results of Oliver and Shapiro's research were further justified It was.

Hierarchization is the first dimension of this theory and is considered to be "a vertical field of social life" (Black, 1976). In other words, society is layered in a vertical layer mainly determined by wealth. This wealth often determines the legal advantage. Therefore, the law is directly related to stratification. The more society is stratified, the more laws exist. According to this theory, deviant behavior is inversely proportional to the rank (Black, 1976). The second dimension, form is "distribution among people including horizontal aspects of social life, division of labor, interactive network, intimacy and integration" (Black, 1976). Each vertical layer has a hierarchical structure that distinguishes everyone in the layer from others. The more self-sustaining the society, the bigger the law is, the more intimate the law becomes. The distance of relationships affects this intimacy

Social stratification is a hierarchical arrangement in which individuals can be divided into power and wealth stratification in society. Social stratification is related to socioeconomic concepts of the class including the upper class, middle class, and lower class. Each class can be subdivided into smaller classes, depending on the main indicators occupied. This is the most practical and effective way to cover the various economic and social factors that make up people.

Although Karl Marx's social stratification theory is entirely based on economic standards, Max Weber extends it by identifying three basic elements that lead to social stratification, wealth, power, and reputation To do. Weber considers society to have four major classes: upper class, middle class, white color class and working class or lower class. Weber considers that economic factors are important in the progress of social stratification, but also believes that other factors such as class and fame are equally important. He also refused Marx's view that class polarization and inevitability of the class revolution, and political influence come from economic forces.