Biodiversity in the Forest System

As mentioned in the class, the forest consists of various parts such as trees, plants, earth, water, and various animals. However, even if these various parts are used alone, the forest may not necessarily function as a system. Several connectors are required to connect each part of the forest. Therefore, biodiversity is an important element to ensure interconnection of various parts of the forest, is in normal condition and plays an important role in the forest. Biodiversity generally refers to genetic diversity, species diversity, or ecosystem diversity within the region, including not only trees but also various animals and microorganisms.

Forests play an important role in maintaining the world's biodiversity. They offer habitat to more than half of world species (Groombridge and Jenkins, 2000). Forest area promotes global forest biodiversity through the number of species present and the number of species shared with other areas, and the number of species contained therein (specific species). Individual forest biodiversity depends on the type of forest, its associated climate and soil factors, and the biological position and isolation of the forest. Generally speaking, low-latitude and low-altitude forests are warm and humid, with species rich more than high latitudes and high altitudes, or the climate is cool and dry. Natural disturbances such as storms and forest fires can also have a significant impact on forest biodiversity.

This document describes several ways to generate indicators of biodiversity related forest situation that can be used for global consistent evaluation. It focuses primarily on indicators related to forest fragmentation and exposure to human activity.

Forests are a biodiversity gene store. This is because forests possess about 90% of the Earth's species including animals and plants, and various life forms of animals and plants are formed in the habitats of various forests. Forests also support biodiversity by providing an environment that allows different animals and plants to prosper easily. Forests also support the lives of several endangered species in the world. Forests play an important role in the purification of the atmosphere. During the day, trees and plants absorb carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and release oxygen. Therefore, they help to purify the air we suck. Therefore, forests can be used as a tool to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases that cause global warming in the environment.

Forest ecosystems are important reservoirs for biodiversity in plants and animals, including birds, reptiles and insects, and forest trees produce oxygen that is impossible in human animals. Forests extract carbon dioxide (the greenhouse gas that causes global warming) and convert it from wood with air and carbon isolation. Forests are also an important source of firewood and include furniture and timber for construction, scaffoldings, fences, yam sticks. All of these functions can be kept in the environment if properly managed.