Assessment of Post-Operative Pain in Dementia Patients

Evaluation of Postoperative Pain in Patients with Dementia Introduction The purpose of this paper is to discuss the application and evaluation of postoperative pain management in patients with Alzheimer's disease in a rehabilitation environment. Concept - theory - empirical structure (C - T - E) Johnson 's behavioral system model is a nursing model that supports the development of effective and effective behavioral functions in patients to prevent disease. Patients are considered to be behavioral systems consisting of seven behavioral subsystems including association, dependence, ingestion, excretion, gender, aggression, and achievement.

In this article we will review literature on pain research on dementia patients. The mechanism of pain and the theoretical changes in these mechanisms of specific dementia patients were examined. Outline of the study describing the relationship between pain and cognitive impairment will be outlined and articles describing the pain assessment method will be reviewed. Finally, fields for further research are presented and discussed. Peripheral nociceptive fibers communicate with the parietal somatosensory cortex for pain interpretation and accompany a direct return loop for retrograde reflex.

Pain assessment of patients with dementia can be complicated by communication difficulties associated with dementia or visual and hearing impairments and physiological aging changes. Studies have shown that patients with cognitive impairment have less analgesia with similar treatments, but this is partly related to the ability to lower communication and the ability to require additional pain during pain The support of brain activity related to 16 functional magnetic resonance imaging studies indicates that pain perception and treatment are not diminished in patients with dementia 17. Therefore, early recognition of pain is essential to avoid inappropriate treatment results.

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A group of important elderly patients whose pain detection is particularly difficult is a patient with dementia. Patients with cognitive dysfunction are often excluded from the study of pain in the elderly and even studies that specifically study the pain of dementia patients have shown that mild severity of dementia and excluding exclusion of language pain are mild Often only patients with moderate dementia are included. Reported Patients Pain in patients with dementia, especially non-communicable dementia is therefore usually unexplored and little known. Patients with non-communicable dementia are said to have lower pain than the other parties in communication (Sengstaken and King, 1993). Workplace experienced health care professionals in elderly people with cognitive impairment design pain assessment methods and scales for patients who can not effectively transmit pain