Articles Maternal mortality in adolescents compared with women of other ages: evidence from 144 countries

Compared with older women, adolescence is well known to have a high risk of dying during pregnancy or childbirth, but available evidence is contradictory and often contradictory. Our aim is to estimate the maternal mortality rate of females aged 15 to 19 years nationwide, regionally and worldwide, and by comparing these rates with the mortality rate of other 5 year old female, maternal mothers of adolescence It is to quantify the risk of mortality.

Of the 144 countries and regions (65 significant registration data and 79 national representative research data of the) to calculate the pregnancy of women of childbearing age (PMDF) in each aged 15-19 age group We used data. Mother's mortality rate is 45 to 49 years old. We adjusted these estimates to allow for inappropriate reporting of maternal deaths and deaths due to causes other than mothers during pregnancy. The maternal mortality rate is then reached at a specific age by applying the adjusted PMDF to the most reliable estimate of death and delivery of a certain age.

The summary data shows a J-shaped curve of pregnancy mortality age distribution, and the risk of adolescence mortality is slightly higher than that of women aged 20 to 24 (maternal mortality rate 260 [uncertainty 100 to 410] and 190 [120 -] 260]). The total of maternal deaths per 100,000 pregnant women in all 144 countries, and the highest risk for women over 30 years of age. Analysis in various countries shows great heterogeneity; some people among other youth, among young people slightly lower than that of women in their early twenties while clear J-shaped curve . For countries with these different age models there is no clear grouping with regard to economic development, demography or geographic area.

Our findings suggest that the risk of mortality in adolescent mothers may be lower than previously thought that in most countries young people have a higher maternal mortality rate than women aged 30 and older Is low. However, these findings should not distract efforts to reduce teenage pregnancies. And it is essential for the progress of women's education, social and economic development.

Due to the wide variety of data around the world, it is difficult to determine the causes of maternal deaths in the United States compared to other countries. Therefore, interstate maternal mortality rates in the United States are compared. Maternal mortality rate is the deaths per 100,000 births caused by any cause related to pregnancy every year. For this analysis, a horizontal bar graph method was carried out. It provides a very clear comparison between each state. As shown in Figure 16, the District of Columbia, Georgia and New Jersey are the top three states with the highest maternal mortality rate. For example, the average in the United States is 19 and the District of Columbia is 40.

Compared to all other countries, the United States is 46th in maternal mortality rate and 56th in infant mortality rate. Women in America are more than three times more likely to die at birth than women in Italy, women in Belgium and Canada died twice as likely as women. Unhealthy or complex birth may have an impact other than childbirth experience. This is the basis for this child to start her life. Mother's health is directly related to pregnancy experience and future health of the child. This applies to all infectious diseases that a mother may infect a baby. However, it currently focuses on the intergenerational transition of more chronic diseases (ie, obesity, hypertension and diabetes) that are not intuitive and can not be transmitted through the blood.

Maternal mortality rate in India is 56th in the world. 42% of newborn babies in Japan are supervised by medical institutions. In rural areas, most women are provided with the help of women in their families. This is inconsistent with the fact that non-specialists or unskilled savings lack knowledge on pregnancy. An ordinary woman living in rural India has little or no control over pregnancy. Women, especially women in rural areas, can not use safe, self-controlled contraceptive methods. In public health systems, long-term methods such as permanent methods such as disinfection and intrauterine devices that do not require follow-up surveillance are emphasized. Disinfection accounts for more than 75% of all contraceptives and female sterilization accounts for nearly 95% of all disinfection. Contraceptive penetration rate in 2007/2008 is estimated to be 54.8%