Archimedes (c.287 - c.212 BC)

© Archimedes is a mathematician, philosopher, inventor of Greece who wrote important research on geometry, mathematics and dynamics.

Archimedes was born in Syracuse on the east coast of Sicily and was educated at the University of Alexandria in Egypt. Then he returned to Syracuse, where he spent most of his life, spending time researching and experimenting in many fields.

In mechanics, he invented the lever principle and invented a compound pulley and hydraulic screw to raise the water from a lower level to a higher level. He is best known by discovering the law of hydrostatic pressure sometimes called "Archimedes principle", which means that the weight of an object immersed in liquid is equal to the weight of the fluid it replaces . Archimedes had to find this discovery when he entered the bathroom and he shouted "Eureka."

During the conquest of Sicily in Rome in 214 BC, Archimedes worked for the state, and some of his machines were used to protect Syracuse. One of the war machines blamed him is the catapult and the legendary thing - a mirror system that concentrates the sun's rays on the intruder's ship and ignites them. After being arrested in Syracuse, Archimedes was murdered by Roman soldiers. It told his murderer not to mind him, he told him that he was very concentrated in his calculations.

The earliest elevator was the work of Roman architect Vitruvius who reported that Archimedes (287 BC - 212 BC) may have built his first elevator in 236 BC. Informational sources after the historical era insisted that the elevator is a cab rope cab operated by hands and animals. In 1000, Muslim Spanish Mr. 's Secret Book described the use of a lifting device like an elevator to lift a huge aggressive ram to destroy the fortress. In the 17th century, prototypes of elevators were in the palace buildings of the UK and France. French Louis XV built a so-called "flying chair" for one of his mistresses in Versailles in 1743.

According to legend, mathematicians and inventors Archimedes (who lived in 287 BC - c 212) came to the Alexandria library during the library management of Apollonius. During his stay in Egypt, Archimedes observed the upper and lower sides of the river Nile and created the Archimedes helix. It can be used to transport water from lowlands to irrigation grooves. Archimedes later returned to Syracuse where he continued to produce new inventions. According to two late and almost untrusted biographies, Apollonius was forced to resign from his librarian and moved to Rhode Island for his hostile reception in Alexandria (later took his name) It was. His resignation of Argonautica Apollonius is believed to have been promoted to the throne by Ptolemy III in the year 246 BC.

Archimedes (BC 287 - 212 BC) defines the surface area and volume of the sphere and can work with infinite series and move water using buoyancy principle and creation of Archimedes spiral. From one location to another (including lifting under the influence of gravity). Chinese, Indians, Muslims have also made important contributions to ancient mathematics Muslims were mainly operated after the 8th century, but they were thought to be more modern than ancient. However, the culture of China and India prospered simultaneously with the ancient Greeks.