Applied Physiology of Marathon Running

The performance of the marathon run is affected by various factors, most of which are physiological. Therefore, marathon runners must rely heavily on high aerobic capacity. However, large changes in maximum oxygen uptake (VO 2 max) are observed in runners with similar performance, indicating that complementarity factors are important for performance. Partial utilization (% VO 2 Ma × VO 2 max - 1) of VO 2 max at running or operating economy oxygen cost (expressed in VO 2 15, for example 15 km / h) and marathon speed [where Ma = average marathon Another factor that is known to affect performance is speed. Maximum VO 2, VO 2 15, and% VO 2 Ma X VO 2 max - 1 can almost completely explain marathon performance changes. Likewise, it was found that these variables account for the change in "anaerobic threshold". This factor is closely related to the metabolic response to increase the exercise intensity and is the single variable with the highest ability to predict marathon performance. However, the main limiting factor of marathon performance may be a factor related to fuel selection,% VO 2 Ma X VO 2 max - 1 for muscle building. The current indication is that marathon runners have a higher proportion of fat turnover rates at a given high exercise intensity compared to normal individuals and absolute values ​​(m / s) and relative values ​​(% VO 2 max), respectively. Since the storage of the most effective fuel (carbohydrates) is limited, the choice of fat for muscle oxidation is important. Many endurance training by marathon runners may be the cause of similar metabolic adaptation, which leads to delayed fatigue and increases VO 2 Ma X VO 2 max - 1. The training load may have an upper limit, and in the marathon rhythm, there is no improvement in the score utilization rate of VO 2 max. However, the impact of training on VO 2 max and to some extent the operating economy seems to be limited by genetic factors.

Unlike other events such as 10K and half marathon, marathon training requires special attention to physiological adaptation which is not important in short distance games. In the marathon, the main focus of training is to extend your aerobic exercise threshold (the fastest to maintain aerobic exercise), increase muscle endurance (the length you can run without letting you go) and fuel economy Efficiency Target Burn fat instead of carbohydrates while running in marathon. There is no other distance to the game, so the suitability of these three training is very important. Therefore, in order to properly train a marathon, it is necessary to temporarily ignore certain training requirements for short-term events.

The performance of the marathon run is affected by various factors, most of which are physiological. Therefore, marathon runners must rely heavily on high aerobic capacity. However, large changes in maximum oxygen uptake (VO 2 max) are observed in runners with similar performance, indicating that complementarity factors are important for performance. Other factors are the partial utilization (% VO 2 Ma × VO 2 max - 1) of VO 2 max at running or operating economy oxygen cost (represented by VO 2 15, eg 15 km / h) and marathon speed. It is known to affect performance. Maximum VO 2, VO 2 15, and% VO 2 Ma X VO 2 max - 1 can almost completely explain marathon performance changes. Likewise, it is also known that these variables explain the change in "anaerobic threshold".