Application of Polymer Scaffold in Tissue Engineering

Tissue engineering is aimed at restoring, maintaining or improving defects caused by different pathological conditions or by reconstructing tissues by developing biological substitutes or in the past It developed rapidly for 10 years. Stents play a unique role in tissue regeneration and repair and are used as a carrier for tissue engineering such as bone, cartilage, ligament, skin, vascular tissue, nerve tissue and skeletal muscle, and for controlling drugs, proteins and DNA delivery It has been.

Tissue engineering combines biological factors such as cells and growth factors with engineering principles and synthetic materials. Alternative tissues can be created by first inoculating human cells into a scaffold that can be made of collagen or a biodegradable polymer. The scaffold is then incubated in a medium containing growth factors that stimulate cell proliferation and division. As cells spread over the scaffold, alternative tissues are formed. The tissue can be implanted into the body and the implanted stent is eventually absorbed or dissolved.

Tissue engineering is the use of cellular, engineering, and materials methods, as well as combinations of suitable biochemical and physicochemical factors to improve or replace biological tissue. Tissue engineering involves the use of tissue scaffolds to form new biological tissues for medical purposes. It has been classified as a subarea of ​​biological material, but as its scope and importance increases it can be regarded as an independent field. Although the definition of the majority of tissue engineering covers a wide range of applications, in practice this term is closely related to the use of repair or replacement of a part or whole tissue (ie bone, cartilage, blood vessel, bladder, skin, muscle, etc.) . In many cases, the organizations involved require specific mechanical and structural characteristics to function properly. This term also applies to efforts to use manually created cells within the support system for specific biochemical functions (see, for example,

Polymers are increasingly used to produce biomedical materials for tissue engineering and wound care applications as well as drug delivery. For tissue engineering and wound care applications, the mechanical properties of the polymeric material must be adapted to the specific application. An example of tissue engineering is the use of bioabsorbable polymeric orthopedic materials for bone regeneration applications. Degradable materials support the growth and adhesion of new bone cells (chondrocytes), are porous and provide a large continuous surface for cell proliferation throughout the matrix. As the bone self heals, degradable materials are used to maintain mechanical integrity. These materials are designed to degrade over a period suitable for a particular application, but may be in the order of 6 months to 24 months.