Analysing Earth and Its Subsystems

Over the centuries, big rocks have been destroyed by erosion, wind, water and geological movements. Organic matter then goes bad and mixes with rocks, minerals, and water to form nutrients rich soil. On average, the soil consists of 45% mineral, 25% water, 25% air and 5% organic matter (Olbers, 2012). Once an element is divided into these five subsystems, people immediately place the earth on the earth system. But the soil is a good example showing that all the major subsystems are very closely intertwined and are affecting all other systems.

On the other hand, the four subsystems in the large earth system, or "spheres" are very open systems. Among the four subsystems, only atmospheric, which is one subsystem name in daily life, is well known, but the names of the other three categories (earthsphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere) are initially like scientific terms Sounds like. But everyone has its own identity and meaning Everyone represents a part of the earth Earth is clearly defined and can hardly be separated from the rest of the earth.

System thinking has only one earth, which requires us to understand what we understand, but it consists of multiple interaction subsystems. Various models have been developed to explain the Earth's subsystem. These models provide a useful framework for selecting indicators when measuring our progress in sustainable development. The difference between the models shows the specific view that the group brings to sustainable development and reflects their different values.

Systems and subsystems exist in hierarchical configuration. For example, a department is a company's subsystem just as a company is an industry subsystem. In international relations, the state is considered a subsystem or component of the international system as a whole. When analyzing international systems, researchers often propose different political, economic, cultural and social subsystems. The interaction between states has changed over time, but by the end of the 20th century they become global, and the number and type of participants is unprecedented. The number, speed and type of interaction is expanding to include not only mobility enhancement but also trade, investment, idea, and information. These are all formed by technology.